BeyondGMAT逻辑讲义9.35亚硫酸盐和过敏反应-该题值得反复琢磨!!

9已有 1251 次阅读  2011-07-24 23:23   标签亚硫酸盐  过敏反应 
ellen.li问:

CR9.35 Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly

added to wine as preservatives. However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to

none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can

drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding

sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.

B. Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reactions.

C. Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.

D. Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an

allergic reaction.

E. Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large

enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines.

此题我选的答案是D,我认为若D不成立,那么即使there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce,也得不到 people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites这个结论。但正确答案是E,为什么?


我的解答:

这道题是争议较多的一道题,我在这里好好给你讲解一下。
对于Assumption的题目,一律可以对选项取非,如果选项取非使得结论不成立,那么这个选项一定是结论的一个假设。通常我们用这样形式化的语言来描述:if 非B->非A then A -> B 。
对于选项D取非,我们得到:Apart from sulfites, there are some substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an
allergic reaction.
对于结论取非,其实是It is false that since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can
drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.
你会发现这两个没有必然联系。因为题目有一个非常关键的限定:without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.
但是对E取非,结论必然不成立,因为就算生产商不加sulfites,但是酒里自然存在了那些足以引起过敏反应的sulfites,结论必然为false(类似逻辑调侃:哥们,你虽然喝了没有添加三氯氰胺的牛奶,但是奶牛是受了核污染挤出来的就自带三氯氰胺哦)。

下面是我对该题的详细解答:

题型:假设
本题考查假设,文章首先指出,很多人对亚硫酸盐过敏,并且亚硫酸盐经常添加在酒里,然后指出有些酒的生产商并不往他们生产的酒里面加亚硫酸盐。最后的结论是那些对眼硫酸盐过敏的人可以喝这些酒而不会出现对眼硫酸盐过敏的情况。仅从文章的结论来看,喝酒不会受到对亚硫酸盐过敏的威胁的唯一可能的原因就是酒里面不含有足够引起过敏的亚硫酸盐,但是从支持的论据只能看到这些酒中并没有人为的加入亚硫酸盐。所以这里看出文章至少依赖了一个假设:即这些酒里面自然存在的亚硫酸盐不会达到引起人过敏的地步。E选项很好的描述了这个假设。D选项是一个很好的迷惑性选项,如果文章最后的结论是不必冒过敏的险,那么D就是一个假设,但是文章最后的结论是不必冒对亚硫酸盐过敏的险,D就成了一个无关选项了。

E为正确答案

本题译文:
很多人都对某些亚硫酸盐有过敏反应,包括那些通常作为防腐剂添加在酒里的亚硫酸盐。但是,由于有很多酒类生产者从不将亚硫酸盐加到他们自己生产的酒中,那些喜欢喝酒但是对亚硫酸盐过敏的人可以喝这些酒类生产者的酒而不必冒对亚硫酸盐过敏的险

下列选项中的哪一项是本文的一个假设? 

A 这些酒类生产者能够 通过不向他们所生产的酒类添加任何可能引起过敏的物质的办法同样实现防腐剂效果
B 并不是所有的亚硫酸盐在产生过敏反应上都有着相同的效果
C 酒并不是亚硫酸盐通常添加的唯一的软饮料
D 除了亚硫酸盐,并没有其他通常存在于酒中的物质会引起过敏反应
E 在这些酒类制造者所生产的酒中亚硫酸盐通常并不以足以让那些喝酒的人产生过敏反应的剂量自然存在着

希望我的解答对你有帮助
周谢慧
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