一道PREP模考咨询。

Western

Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the nuts are sold to domestic processing plants. If the tariff were lifted and unprocessed cashew were sold at world market prices, more farmers could profit by growing cashews. However, since all the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the tariff would seriously hamper the government‘s effort to reduce urban unemployment over the next five years.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. Some of the by-products of processing cashews are used for manufacturing plants and plastics
B. Other countries in which cashews are processed subsidize their processing plants
C. More people in kernlandare engaged in farming cashews than in processing them
D. Buying unprocessed cashews at lower than world market prices enables cashew processors in kernland to sell processed nuts at competitive prices
E. A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in kernland off their land and into the cities

看过很多帖子分析可惜没搞懂。我说说自己的理解。
K在未加工的腰果的出口上征重税为了保证这些腰果卖给国内的加工厂。如果税提了并且腰果以国际市场价格销售，更多农民可以从种植腰果中获利。然而因为所有的加工厂都在城市，免税可能会严重影响政府降低失业率做出的efforts。下面哪项weaken这个结论。
E是正确答案，但我对E的理解是，种植不能获利使得农民只能离开土地进入城市。（也就是增加失业率）

结论是免税可能会加重失业率。
E是种植不能获利（是因为减税了不能以世界价格卖腰果）使得农民离开土地进入城市，导致失业率增加。
E不是strengthen了结论吗？都是减税加重失业率啊。

wzwkb

Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the nuts are sold to domestic processing plants. If the tariff were lifted and unprocessed cashew were sold at world market prices, more farmers could profit by growing cashews. However, since all the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the tariff would seriously hamper the government‘s effort to reduce urban unemployment over the next five years.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. Some of the by-products of processing cashews are used for manufacturing plants and plastics
B. Other countries in which cashews are processed subsidize their processing plants
C. More people in kernlandare engaged in farming cashews than in processing them
D. Buying unprocessed cashews at lower than world market prices enables cashew processors in kernland to sell processed nuts at competitive prices
E. A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in kernland off their land and into the cities.


原文理解：
提高税额并以世界市场的价格出售给国内加工公司，种腰果的农民会受益。但与此同时，由于腰果加工工厂在城市，增加赋税使政府在城市的降低失业率的计划就被阻碍了。


削弱题解题点：增加赋税，降低失业率的计划如何不被阻碍（甚至有利）呢？
A 腰果加工产生的副产品有经济价值。（没说明与提高失业率有什么关系，无关）
B 其他国家补助他们的工厂。（这个建议不错，但K国有没有实行不知道，无关）
C 种植腰果的人多，加工腰果的人少。（城市失业率和农民多城市人少没关系。无关）
D 以低于世界价格的价格购买腰果对工厂竞价有利。（题目中没说赋税和世界价格的关系，无关）
E 缺乏经济作物使得农民都不种地了，跑城里打工了。（因为增加赋税，所以农民才有活干，不跑到城里给政府的失业率添麻烦，所以增加赋税对降低失业率有利，因此削弱了增加赋税阻碍政府降低城里失业率的论断。）

wzwkb

若想脑子不糊，就要始终采用一种办法来对付特定的题目。
削弱题的对付办法是找支持其论断反面的选项，做习惯了就熟了。

Western

Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the  ...
wzwkb 发表于 2013-4-12 21:30

感谢回复，但你有一句翻译应该不对吧。“由于腰果加工工厂在城市，增加赋税使政府在城市的降低失业率的计划就被阻碍了。”
可原文是 "removingthe tariff would seriously hamper..." 是去掉，废除啊。

Lhitachii

Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the nuts are sold to domestic processing plants. If the tariff were lifted and unprocessed cashew were sold at world market prices, more farmers could profit by growing cashews. However, since all the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the tariff would seriously hamper the government‘s effort to reduce urban unemployment over the next five years.


Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?


A. Some of the by-products of processing cashews are used for manufacturing plants and plastics
B. Other countries in which cashews are processed subsidize their processing plants
C. More people in kernlandare engaged in farming cashews than in processing them
D. Buying unprocessed cashews at lower than world market prices enables cashew processors in kernland to sell processed nuts at competitive prices
E. A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in kernland off their land and into the cities.




原文理解：
提高对未加工腰果的出口关税可以保证腰果销往国内加工厂。如果消除关税，然后用世界市场的价格出售给国内加工公司，种腰果的农民会受益。可是如果消除赋税，由于腰果加工工厂在城市，这会使政府在城市的降低失业率的计划被阻碍。


逻辑链：虽然消除赋税对农民创收有利，但是增加赋税对城市腰果加工厂有利（原材料来源稳定+失业率降低）。
解题点：证明消除赋税好。
A 腰果加工产生的副产品有经济价值。（没说明与提高失业率有什么关系，无关）
B 其他国家补助他们的工厂。（这个建议不错，但K国有没有实行不知道，无关）
C 种植腰果的人多，加工腰果的人少。（城市失业率和农民多城市人少没关系。无关）
D 以低于世界价格的价格购买腰果对工厂竞价有利。（题目中没说赋税和世界价格的关系，无关）
E 缺乏经济作物使得农民都不种地了，跑城里打工了。（减少赋税，让工厂以世界价格购买农民能获利，才不跑到城里给政府的失业率添麻烦，所以减少赋税好~）


本题的关键：remove the tariff  减少赋税     lift the tariff  减少赋税


lift：撤销，解除法令等
example：
The European Commission has urged France to lift its ban on imports of British beef.
欧盟委员会敦促法国解除进口英国牛肉的禁令。

Lhitachii

回没错了吧~~我觉得讨论可以学到东西，没想到在你这里还真实践了一把~~~~  我的帖子还请多光顾啊，可能也有错，但是真理是讨论出来的，希望我们共同提高！