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2.3.9关于dreams的
Dream Theories
First and foremost in dream theory is Sigmund Freud. Falling into the psychological camp, Dr. Freud's theories are based on the idea of repressed longing -- the desires that we aren't able to express in a social setting. Dreams allow the unconscious mind to act out those unacceptable thoughts and desires. For this reason, his theory about dreams focuses primarily on sexual desires and symbolism. For example, any cylindrical object in a dream represents the penis, while a cave or an enclosed object with an opening represents the vagina. Therefore, to dream of a train entering a tunnel would represent sexual intercourse. According to Freud, this dream indicates a suppressed longing for sex. Freud lived during the sexually repressed Victorian era, which in some way explains his focus. Still, he did once comment that, "Sometimes, a cigar is just a cigar."
Carl Jung studied under Freud but soon decided his own ideas differed from Freud's to the extent that he needed to go in his own direction. He agreed with the psychological origin of dreams, but rather than saying that dreams originated from our primal needs and repressed wishes, he felt that dreams allowed us to reflect on our waking selves and solve our problems or think through issues.
¬More recently, around 1973, researchers Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley set forth another theory that threw out the old psychoanalytical ideas. Their research on what was going in the brain during sleep gave them the idea that dreams were simply the result of random electrical brain impulses that pulled imagery from traces of experience stored in the memory. They hypothesize that these images don't form the stories that we remember as our dreams. Instead, our waking minds, in trying to make sense of the imagery, create the stories without our even realizing it -- simply because the brain wants to make sense of what it has experienced. While this theory, known as the activation-synthesis hypothesis, created a big rift in the dream research arena because of its leap away from the accepted theories, it has withstood the test of time and is still one of the more prominent dream theories.
Let's look a little deeper into what actually happens in the brain when we dream.
我那五段也基本上是介绍原理 然后反对 然后介绍新原理 名字跟段中的又相似的
文章逻辑很清晰 其实长的更好把握 基本上都是些细节题 建议稍微做下记录
V2 by左岸的烟火 3/12/2011
第一段：介绍神马Freud的关于梦的理论
第二段：介绍另外两个researchers Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley的理论
第三段：Freud和另两个researcher的理论都不完整。
第四段：Freud的理论虽然blahblahblah，但是在在神马方面的研究是不完整的。
第五段：另外两个researcher的调查对的地方和忽略的地方 |
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