Cassiopeia

70.        (28271-!-item-!-188;#058&003560)

It is unclear whether chimpanzees are unique among nonhuman species in their ability to learn behaviors from one another, or if, when other animals are studied in as much depth, similar patterns would be found.

(A) if, when other animals are studied in as much depth, similar patterns would be found
(B) if other animals were studied with as much depth they would exhibit similar patterns
(C) would similar patterns be found in other animals if they were studied in as much depth
(D) whether similar patterns would be exhibited in other animals that were studied with as much depth
(E) whether other animals would exhibit similar patterns if they were studied in as much depth

平行对称
It is unclear whether….or whether…
汉语和英语的差异。要用英语思维！
另外E用了虚拟语气。体会一下。

Cassiopeia

81.        (28921-!-item-!-188;#058&003760)

In the major cities of industrialized countries at the end of the nineteenth century, important public places such as theaters, restaurants, shops, and banks had installed electric lighting, but electricity was in less than one percent of homes, where lighting was still provided mainly by candles or gas.

(A) electricity was in less than one percent of homes, where lighting was still
(B) electricity was in less than one percent of homes and lighting still
(C) there were less than one percent of homes with electricity, where lighting was still being
(D) there was less than one percent of homes that had electricity, having lighting that was still
(E) less than one percent of homes had electricity, where lighting had still been

(A)        正确,        句子结构简洁; where就近修饰homes,        符合逻辑意思
lighting was时态正确，表示过去的一般情况

Cassiopeia

99.        (29845-!-item-!-188;#058&004015)

A study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.

(A) that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing
(B) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in
(C) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because of food supplies, which were dwindling possibly as a result of increasing
(D) creatures of the seabed that were suffering from food supplies that were dwindling, possibly resulting from an increase in
(E) creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing

A与B比较：
A中，suffer from后面的宾语是food supplies，result form 的宾语是sea surface temperatures，但是文中要表达的落脚点应该在dwindling和increasing，把这两个作为形容词体现不出来对它们的强调。另外possibly resulting from有修饰dwindling food supplies的歧义。
而B就解决了这些问题。强调的重心放在了dwindling和increasing，正确
重要的逻辑考点：表示“原因”“结果”这种状态确定的意义，要用确定的名词，而不是表示动态的 ing。
考点:        逻辑表达（Logical Predication）        简洁有效（Rhetorical Construction）
1)        动词的现在分词作形容词,一般含有正在进行的意思
2) which/it        都不能指代整个句子
(A) sb. suffer from B,表示sb.遭受了B, B表示的是遭受的结果,因此使用dwindling不好,现在分词一般表示过程,        应该使用名词或过去分词表示结果;        同样increasing也不好, result from后面接事实,表示原因,应该用increased或者an increase来代替increasing

句子结构: A study… revealed that creatures… were suffering because…

Cassiopeia

105.        (30121-!-item-!-188;#058&004107)

Even though it was not illegal for the bank to share its customers' personal and financial information with an outside marketing company in return for a commission on sales, the state's attorney general accused the bank of engaging in deceptive business practices by failing to honor its promise to its customers to keep records private.

(A) by failing to honor its promise to its customers to keep
(B) by its failure of honoring its promise to its customers to keep
(C) in its failing to honor its promise to its customers of keeping
(D) because of its failure in honoring its promise to its customers in keeping
(E) because of its failure to honor its promise to its customers of keeping

1 By failing to ……方式状语，具体解释engaging in deceptive business practices。
2 failing比its failure 简洁
B: its failure of honoring没有failing to honor简洁
Promise to do/ promise that
动词比名词表达的意思更完整

Cassiopeia

149.        (32963-!-item-!-188;#058&006488)

Until Berta and Ernst Scharrer established the concept of neurosecretion in 1928, scientists believed that either cells secreted hormones, which made them endocrine cells and thus part of the endocrine system, or conducted electrical impulses, in which case they were nerve cells and thus part of the nervous system.

(A) either cells secreted hormones, which made them
(B) either cells secreted hormones, making them
(C) either cells secreted hormones and were
(D) cells either secreted hormones, in which case they were
(E) cells either secreted hormones, which made them

读完句子，根据平行法则，很容易做出判断。

Cassiopeia

153.        (33147-!-item-!-188;#058&006555)

A recent United States Census Bureau report shows that there are more than three times as many households where the children and grandchildren are living in their grandparents' home as compared to households where the grandparents are living in their children's or grandchildren's home.

(A) as compared to households where the
(B) as there are households where the
(C) as those whose
(D) than compared to those where the
(E) than there are whose

More than X times as many A as B
前后都有there are，平行
as compared to搭配错误且as…as与compared to结构重复

Cassiopeia

154.        (33193-!-item-!-188;#058&006626)

Some patients who do not respond to therapies for depression may simply have received inadequate treatment, having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been taken off a drug too soon.

(A) having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been
(B) having, for example, a drug prescription that was ineffective because the dosage was too low, or being
(C) as, for example, having too low of a dosage of a prescribed drug for it to be effective, or being
(D) when they have, for example, been prescribed too low a drug dosage to be effective, or were
(E) for example, when they have a drug prescription with a dosage too low to be effective, or been
动名词可以用having
前后时态以及主被动都平行。

Cassiopeia

163.        (33705-!-item-!-188;#058&007028)

The British sociologist and activist Barbara Wootton once noted as a humorous example of income maldistribution that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning annually exactly what she then earned as director of adult education for London.
(A) that the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo was earning
(B) that the elephant, giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, had been earning
(C) that there was an elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo, and it earned
(D) the elephant that gave rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and was earning
(E) the elephant giving rides to children at the Whipsnade Zoo and that it earned
是否说明ing为非限定？不是
OG的解释应该这样理解：
有两种情况可在名词前使用定冠词ＴＨＥ：1) 前面提到过这个名词; 2) 名词后使用限定性定语从句-如本题
限定性定语从句中的THAT要做从句的形式主语,所以要使用这样的结构:
名词 + THAT + 谓语动词
结合大家的讨论，和朗文的解释。
在改错题中通常有下列情况应注意区分The 和 A/An 地使用
另外，B的时态也不对。没有indicator表明earning在文中的时间点已经停止了
后面接 of 表限定的
后面有限定性从句修饰的，如that,
后面接介词，如from,
后面接不定式to 表特定目的

Cassiopeia

165.        (33893-!-item-!-188;#058&007190)

Due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, researchers have determined that there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, and that these leopards are thus many times as rare as China's giant pandas.

(A) Due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, researchers have determined that there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, and that these leopards are thus many times as rare as
(B) Due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, researchers have determined, making them many times more rare than
(C) There are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild due to poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, researchers have determined, which makes the leopards many times more rare compared to
(D) Researchers have determined that, because of being poached and increased cultivation in their native habitats, there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, thus making them many more times as rare as
(E) Researchers have determined that, because of poaching and increased cultivation in their native habitats, there are fewer than 100 Arabian leopards left in the wild, and that these leopards are thus many times more rare than

Ing分词作状语一定要在没有修饰歧义的时候才能用。
另外原文中是平行的两句，就不要改成修饰关系
排除
A Due to修饰researchers，修饰对象错误
B making……修饰对象有歧义
C which不能指代句子
D because of 后面的成分太复杂。
E 正确。
注意Ing分词的修饰对象是否会造成歧义。放在插入语后，可以理解为是修饰插入语的主语
另外原文中researchers have determined后面有两个结果，正确选项也应该反映出两个结果。

Cassiopeia

2.        (24209-!-item-!-188;#058&001071)

In the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, which more than doubled the country's size and that brought its western border within reach of the Pacific Ocean.

(A) In the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, which more than doubled the country's size and that brought
(B) For about four cents an acre the United States acquired, in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, 828,000 square miles, more than doubling the country's size and it brought
(C) With the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States acquired 828,000 square miles for about four cents an acre, more than doubling its size and bringing
(D) The United States, in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, for about four cents an acre, acquired 828,000 square miles, more than doubling the country's size, bringing
(E) Acquiring 828,000 square miles in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, the United States bought it for about four cents an acre, more than doubling the country's size and bringing

With sth
With介词短语做方式状语，主语是the United States，谓语是acquired，并列的现在分词结构doubling and bringing作伴随状语修饰主句。
with在此处的意思是because of sth and as it happens, as a result of