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第十二章 习惯用语
一、动词的使用
1.Require：
（1）required sb. To do sth.
(2) require of sb. To do sth.
(3) require that从句(要求用虚拟语气)
(4) require of sb.sth.
2.propose:
(1) propose+n.
(2)propose to do sth.
(3)propose that
(4) propose doing sth.
3. make:
(1) make A1 A2(A1,A2均为物)
(2) make n.+adj.(变形：make+adj.+n.,当n.为一长串名词短语时)
(3) make it adj.(for sb.)to do sth.
(4) make do勉强，凑合
4.cost：
(1) sth. Costs sb. Money(energy……)有时也出现人做主语的情况
(2) the cost to sb./sth. Of doing sth.对某人而言做某事的代价（这里cost做名词）
5.aim：
(1) 做名词时，之后经常跟动词不定式做其修饰成分
(2) 作动词时, aim todo sth.
(3) 作过去分词修饰名词时：aimed at/for doing sth.
6.以下动词之后一般常跟动词不定式做宾语：continue，forbid, try, believe, expect, estimate, seem, appear, afford, prohibit, ask, attempt, choose, consent, decide, desire, determine, dislike, fail, help, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, venture, want, wish
(forbid 除了跟动词不定式做宾语之外，还可以跟名词，例：the new contract forbids a strike by the transportation union.)；forbid sb to do sth
7. demand:
(1) demand that从句，要求用虚拟语气
(2) demand sth.
(3)demand to do sth.
8. 以下动词之后常跟动词不定式做宾补：advise, allow, ask, cause, challenge, compel, enable, encourage, expect, find, force, invite, let, mean, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, region, teach, train, want wish, warm
9.order：
(1) order sb. To do sth.
(2) order that 从句（要求用虚拟语气动词）
10. permit：
(1) permit doing
(2) permit sb. To do sth.
11. decide:
(1) decide to do sth.
(2) decide that此处decide的意思为“断定、认定”
(3) decide on sth.选定，选定某物
12. credit：
（1）作动词：credit(sb.)sth. With(doing)sth.认为（某人）某物在（做）某事方面值得一提；值得称赞
（2）作名词：give credit to sb. For sth.意思同上，此处credit是名词
13.rule：
（1）rule on+ sth.对（就）某事作出裁决
例：I was asked to rule on the ease of a British sailors.
（2）rule that+宾语从句（that从句是对裁决内容的表述）
14. compare with和compare to:
前者指“某物和另一物相比较”，而后者指“把某物比作某物”，可译为：某物就像是另一物
15. consider：
(1) consider A1 A2(A1 A2均为物)
(2) consider sth. To be adj.
例：they consider themselves to be very lucky.
16. model: model A1 after A2 以A2为模型，创造出A1
17. V.+as：
think of…as；be seen…as; depict…as; perceive…as; regard as; be acclaimed…as; be prized as
18. liken A1 to A2(A1 A2均为物)把A1比作A2
19. merge: merge A1 with A2把A1和A2结合起来
20. take turns doing sth.轮流做某事
二、其它 的一些习惯用语
1.be in danger of doing sth.处于做某事的危险状况中
2. be intended to do企图，打算做某事
3. be disinclined to do sth.; be suppressed to do sth.
4. be isolated from与……分离，处于孤立状态
5. be responsible for对……负责；a responsibility to do sth; have/take responsibility for doing sth.
6.have (no) grounds for doing sth./be grounds for doing sth.有理由做某事
7.aid(n.) in doing sth./be helpful in doing sth.在做某事上是有帮助的
8. the sale of sth. To somewhere销售某物到某地
9. ability of sb. to do sth.
10. the effect(impact, influence)of A1 on A2 A1对A2的影响
11. the need for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事的需求
12. the replacement of A1 by/with A2 A2对A1的替代
13. the resistance of A1 to A2 A1对A2的阻力，抵制力
14. the possibility of doing sth./the possibility that(同位语从句)
15. the right of sb. to do sth.
16. the use of sth. To do sth.
17. likelihood of sth.或likelihood that(同位语从句)
18. sb./sth. Is likely to do sth.; it is likely that从句（从句中多用将来时）
19. at the invitation(request) of sb.在某人的邀请/（要求）下
20. it is estimated that 据估计；it is anticipated that据预测 |
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