[申请攻略] MBA专业介绍系列 ZZ

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大家目前处于选校的阶段，最迷茫的可能是哪些专业更适合自己，将来这个专业的发展前景如何？是否容易找工作，都要找哪些类型的工作？这里先贴出一个简介，欢迎对本行业比较了解的朋友能提出中肯的意见！

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1, Accounting

Accounting is a formal system of collecting, organizing and reporting financial data that are used in making economic decisions. The users of these data include corporate shareholders, lenders, management, employees, taxing and regulatory agencies, research organizations, and many others. The data shed light on current financial status and liquidity, as well as past profitability and funds-generating capability. Many different types of economic decisions require accounting data. One major use of accounting data is to inform outsiders (interested people who do not have direct access to corporate records) of the economic status and progress of the firm. These reports follow a body of accounting methodology called generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). By contrast, the management of the firm requires data that will aid in controlling operations and in evaluating the performance of subordinates. Outside agencies often collect accounting data in a variety of pre-specified forms. These data are used for tax collection and various other social and economic policy purposes

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Business Specialties: Accounting
1.  University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)  
2.  University of Illinois–Urbana-Champaign  
3.  University of Texas–Austin (McCombs)  
4.  University of Chicago  
5.  Stanford University (CA)
6.  University of Michigan–Ann Arbor  
7.  New York University (Stern)  
8.  University of Southern California (Marshall)  
9.  Northwestern University (Kellogg) (IL)
10.  University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler)  
11.  Columbia University (NY)
12.  University of California–Berkeley (Haas)  
13.  University of Florida (Warrington)  
14.  University of Rochester (Simon) (NY)
15.  Arizona State University–Main Campus  
  Indiana University–Bloomington (Kelley)  
  University of Washington  
18.  Harvard University (MA)
19.  Ohio State University (Fisher)  
20.  Brigham Young University (Marriott) (UT)
  Cornell University (Johnson) (NY)
22.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sloan)  
  Penn State University–University Park (Smeal)  
24.  Duke University (Fuqua) (NC)
  University of Georgia (Terry)  
  University of Notre Dame (IN)
  University of Wisconsin–Madison  
28.  Purdue University–West Lafayette (Krannert) (IN)
  University of California–Los Angeles (Anderson)  
  University of Iowa (Tippie)  
31.  Michigan State University (Broad)  
  University of Virginia (Darden)

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2. Health Care Management The rapidly changing health care industry is the USA's second largest employer. The manager's role in health care organizations continues to grow in importance. In response to the demand for skilled managers and policy makers, the Health Care Management major builds upon the established strength of the management core and provides, in addition, a series of courses that familiarize the student with unique aspects and issues of the health care industry. An interdisciplinary faculty based in the business, medical, nursing and dental schools and in the School of Arts and Sciences, together with adjunct faculty from area health organizations, help the MBA student majoring in health care to be unusually well qualified to respond to the many critical problems now faced by hospitals, government agencies, group practices, pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms, insurance organizations, HMOs, and consulting firms.

据我了解: 在health Care方面比较强的学校有: Wharton, Duke, kellogg, Hass,和 UNC等等. Wharton 和 Duke的每一年的MBA health Care 方向要招多达6个MD. 而且,即使是近年就业不景气的情况下, health Care毕业生还是很抢手,毕业时2-3个不错的offer已到手了.

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3. Insurance and Risk Management By majoring in insurance and risk management, an MBA student may fuse general management education with a specialized expertise. This major enables the student to gain a thorough understanding of both risk management and insurance theory and practice. Students are exposed to the legal, actuarial, financial, and economic principles underlying corporate and public sector risk management, with specific applications to individual, business, and social problems. In addition, the functional areas of insurance company management, e.g., investment policy, financing, marketing, pricing, and underwriting, are explored in depth. Risk Management and Insurance theory, functions, and strategies are all investigated against a background of accelerating change in the legal, regulatory, and economic environment. Career opportunities for MBA graduates with a major in insurance and risk management include positions in many types of consulting, risk management, employee benefits management, insurance company management, and personal financial planning. Risk management involves financial and statistical analysis of risk and insurance-related problems that confront businesses and public sector managers. Positions are available in risk management departments of large corporations, risk management consulting firms, insurance brokerage firms, and special risk divisions of insurance companies that deal with large corporate risks as well as government and nonprofit organizations around the world. The increasing importance of employee benefits in overall compensation management requires individuals with education in group insurance, pension plans, and deferred-compensation arrangements. Positions are available in corporate benefit departments, employee benefit consulting firms, and bank trust departments as well as social insurance agencies in the public sector. Insurance company management positions are available in general management, marketing, financial management, and research and planning; jobs in the regulatory sector are also available to our graduates. The growth in the number of firms providing personal financial planning has increased the demand for persons with education in the use of life insurance and related mechanisms in capital accumulation and estate conservation. Additional opportunities for an MBA combining finance and insurance include positions in insurance company investment, pension fund management, and social insurance program design and oversight. Management consulting firms also seek candidates with expertise in insurance for positions involving insurance industry analysis, including insurance company formations and acquisitions. This demand can be expected to accelerate in view of the ongoing erosion of traditional regulatory barriers between commercial banking, insurance, and the securities industry.

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4. Management Management Departments encompass strategic and entrepreneurial management, as well as the management of people and organizations across national and cultural borders. The department offers course work and educational experience to students who desire to exercise leadership in their management careers, with major challenges and responsibilities in private, public, and not-for-profit organizations, large or small. In its teaching, the Management Department takes an eclectic approach, drawing on the most useful elements of the various management theories and integrating them to achieve a mixture of theoretical, analytical, and applied research and courses. The breadth and scope of the offerings in the department, the opportunities for associating with faculty of distinction and experience, and the career possibilities of each area should be considered by those interested in majors and by those investigating elective courses. Majors are available in the following fields: Entrepreneurial Management Human Resource and Organizational Management Multinational Management Strategic Management

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The Entrepreneurial Management major provides MBA students with skills, analytical tools, perspectives, and experiences which prepare him/her for a career as an autonomous entrepreneur, a family-business entrepreneur, or an entrepreneur in a corporate setting. Whether a student wants to start a business while in School, join an emerging business, or set the ground work to launch a new firm later in his/her career, the program aims to prepare students for these exciting options. Entrepreneurial skills and thinking are actively sought by more competitive and profitable growing businesses. The special strength of this program is that it combines theory with practice, providing students the opportunity to test the theories, models, and strategies learned in the classroom by creating real business plans, working on other field projects, and gaining access and insight from leaders in the entrepreneurial business community.

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The Human Resource and Organizational Management major is designed to acquaint students with the leading edge of theory and practice in industrial relations, organizational behavior, change management and personnel management. It is intended to attract students with different sets of career objectives: (1) those whose focus is in human resource management and who see their futures as serving in this function in private- or public-sector enterprise, (2) those whose focus is organizational change and anticipate acting as change agents whether internally or as consultants and(3)those whose predominant pre-MBA work experience is technical in nature and who are interested in obtaining more depth in the behavioral side of organization and management and its institutional structure.

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The premise underlying the MBA program in multinational management is twofold: (1) A large majority of MBAs will have management careers in firms that compete in global markets, and (2) MBAs who achieve positions of leadership in those firms will be able to manage effectively in both national and international arenas.

The purpose of the multinational management program is the preparation of students for management positions in international companies ranging from small firms to global corporations, and for administrative positions in government agencies and international organizations that have responsibilities relating to multinational business. As a result, this major focuses on the management of international firms that must operate in worldwide and heterogeneous national environments under conditions of economic and political risk.

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The focus of this major is on managing the entire organization. This top-management perspective is primarily long-term and broad, going beyond the organization's internal operations to include consideration of environment, competitors, markets, regulations and society. Emphasis is on environmental scanning, planning and control, allocation of resources, evaluation of strengths and weaknesses, appraisal of present and future competition, and implementation of chosen strategies. The major in Strategic Management is designed to help students understand why general management is different from the management of any one particular function of an organization, and to provide them with the knowledge for pursuing a career in general management.