[求助]请教狒狒逻辑宝典的一题及必要型题的解法

dragondragon

8. The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact that unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.

The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

(A) It is the conclusion of the argument.

(B) It helps to support the conclusion of the argument.

(C) It is a claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.

(D) It is a consequence of the argument.

(E) It is used to illustrate the general principle that the argument presupposes.

答案B

看完解释后觉得读题的时候没能看出第一句是conclusion.解释说这类是必要型题型,所以我想请教一下这类题的解法和入手点,我下载了一些笔记里面都没有详细提及,所以希望大虾们指教一下,谢谢

Stefaniezhu

试分析，请指教。
8. The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact that unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.
The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?
The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens.
A depends on B: A=>B
The stable functioning of a society => the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens(=>)

unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry
unless A, not B: B=>A
a legislature craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry => the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations(=>)
it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens
A only if B: A => B
a society is stable => its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens(=>)


第一句话是一句普通的不论对错的陈述句。第二句以it is clear from the fact that引导，代表后面陈述的都是确凿的客观事实。所以他们的关系应该是以第二句的客观事实及他们彼此的关系来推导出第一句的观点，即印证支持第一句的结论。
facts: =>,=>
conclusion: =>
我也是看了答案才意识到第一句是结论。真可怕。

dragondragon

谢谢你的详细解答,明白了点这类题了

nobody910

我想知道E为什么错~

kaneroy

E所提到的presupposes在文中并没有出现，所以E不合适。