og12 sc 107题的OG 解释不明白

xiaoyongnao

107. Originally developed for detecting air pollutants, a
technique called proton-induced X-ray emission, which
can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost
any substance without destroying it, is finding uses in
medicine, archaeology, and criminology.
(A) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants,
a technique called proton-induced X-ray
emission, which can quickly analyze the
chemical elements in almost any substance
without destroying it,
(B) Originally developed for detecting air pollutants,
having the ability to analyze the chemical
elements in almost any substance without
destroying it, a technique called proton-induced
X-ray emission
(C) A technique originally developed for detecting
air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray
emission, which can quickly analyze the
chemical elements in almost any substance
without destroying it,
(D) A technique originally developed for detecting
air pollutants, called proton-induced X-ray
emission, which has the ability to analyze the
chemical elements in almost any substance
quickly and without destroying it,
(E) A technique that was originally developed for
detecting air pollutants and has the ability to
analyze the chemical elements in almost any
substance quickly and without destroying the
substance, called proton-induced X-ray
emission,


观月C项OG 的解释：Called proton-induced X-ray emission should be placed next to a technique and should not be set off by commas; relative clause introduced by which incorrectly and illogically modifies emission.


这个WHICH 引导的从句正确答案A和C的用法一样啊，为什么C用就不对？明白的同学能帮忙解释一下吗？谢谢！

xiaoyongnao

谢谢大家！明白了！

dadaowuxing

所以总而言之就是called和technique,which和technique都应该连接或者处于尽可能近的修饰位置么？
A C 的差别在于which与technique的距离？

Stefaniezhu

思路：
A:bingo ;  修饰语被正确的放置，并断开; which发生跳跃指代，这句话的which不能修饰其紧邻的名词emission，必须跳过简短的分词修饰结构called …，修饰核心词technique；这里的developed …. Which 都是非限定性修饰，不能改为限定性修饰 ；限制性修饰和非限制性修饰一般也是不可以互换的，要搞清楚逻辑意思
B: 夹心修饰 having。。。。可以修饰前句，也可以修饰 a technique,GMAT认为是优先修饰前句  ；
修饰语+修饰语+加主句  错误
C: called proton-induced X-ray emission 应该紧跟a technique，并且不用逗号隔开 ，在这里就
近修饰了pollutants; Which 指代了emission, 不合逻辑 ，中间修饰语太多，所以指代不到 a technique;
D:  called proton-induced X-ray emission 应该紧跟a technique ，并且没有逗号隔开，在这里就近修饰了pollutants;  Which 指代了emission,不合逻辑 ，中间修饰语太多，所以指代不到 a technique;; has the ability to啰嗦；
E：主谓离得太远了； called proton-induced X-ray emission 应该紧跟a technique，并且没有号
隔开；has the ability to啰嗦；without destroying the substance重复两遍substance ;
and without destroying  无并列对象；非限定性定从和限定性定从不能互换，A 中都是非限定
性修饰 a technique ，这里变成了限定性。逻辑上不需要
总结：。
1.一个东西叫XXXX，这个XXXX往往 不能作为非限制性修饰成分， 就是called要紧跟他所修饰的词，不被逗号隔开
2.which 的跳跃指代： 当前面必须是一个 核心词+简短的修饰语+，which，   which才能跳跃指代核心词；which不能跳过谓语动词指代主语 ；尽量不跳跃
3.主谓要比较靠近，但不能一味为了主谓靠近，就把各种introductory elements扔在句首，要找到平衡。<但是，把状语放于句首，再加一个与状语紧密关系的从句，这又是允许的>
4.夹心修饰：【，V-ing，】以及【,介词短语,】这两种结构，不知中间结构修饰前句还是后句，故夹心修饰。
5.can, able to, capable of doing的区分：                                                           
先说用法：
can可以跟人，可以跟物，表达的是一种主观，"能或不能"；
be able to一定程度上是可以和can互换的，看时态和用法；
be capable of doing表示"客观的能/可以"，就是客观上"可不可以"，并不是主观上"能不能",主语可以是人可以是物。                                                                                                
其他用法：the ability of sb. to do sth.  （一般情况啰嗦处理 ）      capability of sb. to do/ of doing

kurtsniper

C的which指代了主语technique。
老实说这题之前我也卡了下，因为其实要用句意来解，句意上我认为x-ray emission也能被which指代，但是不行，句意不同。所以which需要指代technique。
C的格式是主谓宾，which指代主语，这是语法错误；A是主，which谓宾，和我刚才发的一个帖子有些异曲同工。一般我们用的which，that指代宾语，是做宾语从句用，所以紧贴宾语。但是如果which指代了主语，则是越界。而在A里的which指代的主语是作为定语，所以可以。。。这是我的想法，老实说我语法很差，而且很多东西还没发用口头表达。