求救！大全-1-19-20

luciferc

Questions 19-20 are based on the following.

Archaeologists seeking the location of a legendary siege and destruction of a city are excavating in several possible places, including a middle and a lower layer of a large mound. The bottom of the middle layer contains some pieces of pottery of type 3, known to be from a later period than the time of the destruction of the city, but the lower layer does not.

大全-1-19.Which of the following hypotheses is best supported by the evidence above?

(A) The lower layer contains the remains of the city where the siege took place.

(B) The legend confuses stories from two different historical periods.

(C) The middle layer does not represent the period of the siege.

(D) The siege lasted for a long time before the city was destroyed.（C）

(E) The pottery of type 3 was imported to the city by traders.

大全-1-20.The force of the evidence cited above is most seriously weakened if which of the following is true?

(A) Gerbils, small animals long native to the area, dig large burrows into which objects can fall when the burrows collapse.

(B) Pottery of types 1 and 2, found in the lower level, was used in the cities from which, according to the legend, the besieging forces came.

(C) Several pieces of stone from a lower-layer wall have been found incorporated into the remains of a building in the middle layer.

(D) Both the middle and the lower layer show evidence of large-scale destruction of habitations by fire.（A）

(E) Bronze ax heads of a type used at the time of the siege were found in the lower level of excavation.

luciferc

太感谢你啦！

sdcar2012

个人理解如下：
1-19  归纳题型
根据原文可知，考古学家的目的，是寻找战争发生的地点。在山的半山腰上，发现了一些瓷器，这些瓷器却属于城市被毁灭后的年代，这说明，在战争结束后的年代，这里仍然有人类生存。由此可知，这个地方并没有被战争所毁坏，即，这里并没有发生战争，更准确滴说，是在考古学家所认定的特定战争年代内，没有发生战争——C选项的内容。

1-20 削弱题型

该题干是要求对evidence进行削弱，先定位原文的evidence:The bottom of the middle layer contains some pieces of pottery of type 3, known to be from a later period than the time of the destruction of the city, but the lower layer does not.

要想削弱这个证据，便需要证明：仅仅从该证据中，不能判断该地点是否发生了战争。
因此，只有A选项可以削弱：在该地区生长的动物G，在山坡上挖了许多大坑。当大坑塌陷时，山上面的东西会滑下来——如果A选项成立，那么，可以推出，考古学家发现的那些瓷器，并不是被战争所毁坏的残骸，而仅仅是从别处掉下来的东西摔成的碎片，因此，并不能说明该地区发生了战争。其他四个均是无关选项。