OG12th-79

taozhexiong

In countries where automobile insurance includes compensation for whiplash injuries sustained in automobile accidents,reports of having suffered such injuries are twice as freguent as they are in countries where whiplash is not covered .Presently,no objective test for whiplash exists,so it is true that spurious reports of whiplash injuries cannot be readily identified . Nevertheless ,these facts do not warrant the conclusion drawn by some commentators that in the countries with the higher rates of reported cases are spurious . Clearly , in countries where automobile insurance does not include compensation for whiplash , people often have incentive to report whiplash injuries that they actually have suffered.

In the argument given,the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

(A) The first is a claim that the argument disputes ；the second is a conclusion that has been based on that claim

(B) The first is a claim that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument accepts ; the second is that conclusion

(C) The first is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion for which the argument provides further evidence ; the second is the main conclusion of the argument

(D) The first id a finding whose implications are at issue in the argument ; the second is a claim presented in order to argue against deriving certain implications from that finding

(E) The first is a finding whose accuracy is evaluated in the argument ;the second is evidence presented to establish that the finding is accurate

第一次问问题~好不好顺便讲一下finding和claim，貌似这个不怎么常出现。谢谢各位牛人~~

sxf112233

You did not do your homework!

What is an argument?
An argument in logic is a set of one or more meaningful declarative sentences (or "propositions") known as the premises with another sentence known as the conclusion. Therefore, each argument has at least two components: 1) a piece of evidence or proposition, officially called a “premise,” and 2) a conclusion.

Consider the following two statements:
1)Ming Li is smart.
2)Ming Li went to Peking University.

Each statement by itself is simply a claim or an assertion. Can you combine them together to form an argument?

gonghao

但是我还想问一点。你说clearly：lead a conclusion，
然后这个答案D说2th blodface是一个claim。
那么是不是conclusion=claim呢？

gonghao

讲的很通透，thx

billsq

黑体字之间有个NEVERTHELESS，转折关键词，因此可知两句黑体字是对立的关系，所以排除A：the second is a conclusion that has been based on that claim.（那意思是第二句变成第一句的递进关系了，可是事实明明是相反的。所以A错）
B：本文的conclusion是第二句，明明已经是跟第一句对立了，怎么还可能是support a conclusion that the argument accepts？排除
C：错误与B同
E：表达的意思是第一句与第二句是递进意思。排除
只剩D，D中有 argue against,表达了这两句句子相反的意思

sxf112233

"Clearly" leads a conclusion.

The 1st bf is simply an evidence.

Finding = evidence found

Claim = opinion