关于代词指代的问题，请假各位NN~~

matchMichelle

代词指代的原则是究竟指代么？怎么判断它指代错误了呢？譬如说，一个句子，前面有多个复数名词，后面出现了THEY是不是这个指代一定就有问题呢？
1.    The Wallerstein study indicates that even after a decade young men and women still experience some of the effects of a divorce that occurred when they were children
前面的复数有some of the effects, 以及 men 和women, 从句意上看，肯定指代的是men和women，但是从就近指代来看，不是应该指的some of the effects吗？？？这个为什么不算指代不清捏？？

zhangws

这一句officers不是在of后面，这句话是说对于fees of investment，officers可以基于performance of the funds they managed来支付

matchMichelle

曼哈顿上总结的代词指代问题的几个原则1，必须有先行词，且先行词必须以名词的功能出现在句子中。也就 ...
zhangws 发表于 2011-12-22 21:04

of结构后面的成分是可以做为指代对象的吧，OG里的有好多题目都是特意强调'S这样的所有格不能作为指代对象，换成OF就可以了。
比如说，这个题目：
90. Since 1986, when the Department of Labor began to allow investment officers' fees to be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations began paying their investment advisers a small basic fee, with a contract promising higher fees if the managers perform well.

(A)investment officers’ fees to be based on how thefunds they manage perform, several corporations began

(B)investment officers’ fees to be based on theperformance of the funds they manage, several corporations began

(C)that fees of investment officers be based on how the funds they manage perform, several corporations have begun

(D)fees of investment officers to be based on the performance of the funds they manage,several corporations have begun

(E)that investment officers' fees be based on theperformance of the funds they manage, several corporations began

正确答案为D
前面几条关于代词指代的总结，很有启发呀，哈哈，先收下~

zhangws

谢谢谢谢~~再问一问~~
Judicial rules in many states requirethat the identities of all prosecution wi ...
matchMichelle 发表于 2011-12-22 06:53

曼哈顿上总结的代词指代问题的几个原则1，必须有先行词，且先行词必须以名词的功能出现在句子中。也就是说名词性形容词，介词后接名词均不可做先行词
2，代词和先行词逻辑上要说得通。
3，先行词必须很明确。也就是说代词不可以有能指代多出一个对象的可能性
4，先行词和代词数量上要保持一致


再来看你的这个句子，首先they不能指代 witnesses，因为它接在OF后面实际上做所有格成分。然后它也不能指代rules，states或者identities，因为这两者都不可能attempt to rebut the testimony。那么剩下的只能指代defendants。
实际上照曼哈顿的说法，代词是就近指代的。如果最近的名词不合逻辑或数量上不一致，才继续往更远一些的地方找。但是代词指代又有一个原则，不可以太近指代。譬如紧跟名词后的代词不可能指代它前面的名词。In the station house it is considered taboo.这句话里it就不能指代the station house

matchMichelle

谢谢谢谢~~再问一问~~
Judicial rules in many states requirethat the identities of all prosecution witnesses be made known to defendants so that they can attempt to rebut the testimony
这句中，从句中的they为啥又变成就近指代了？？

shenyelaile

代词指代不是绝对错误，一般从逻辑上讲，代词优先指代主语，这个they是从句里面，从句的的主语是young men and women,所以指代没有问题
代词指代还有一个原则是，想通的代词比如they it指代同一个事物