求助OG-62题与OG-77题

freesimens

我有一好友，名牌大学学的英语专业。从5月中旬开始准备10月底考GMAT，每天只能硬挤出3小时的复习时间，越临近考试越心里越没底，而且堆积了一些百思不解的题目。看她实在没时间，故想帮她请教高人指点。谢谢！
1、OG-CR第62题：C与D选项的解释如何理解？
2、OG-CR第77题：D选项的解释如何理解？

diatomss

62题：注意 most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent，意思是不管流出来的东西是不是对环境造成破坏，都要控制。提问的是avoid excessively restrictive controls，那么一定是别把对环境不会造成破坏的东西也给控制了。

c说谁倒垃圾多谁最倡导联合控制，道理不错，但这里没问你这个。

d说垃圾都流到海里了，也和问的没关系

freesimens

62.Which of the following best completes the passage below?
At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent. What must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that------------.
(A)any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay
(B)any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage
(C)the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents
(D)all of an given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present
(E)environmental damaged already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible

OG Explanation: (B is the best answer)
C: Although it would probably help to avoid excessive restrictions if some of the countries producing the most effluents favored uniform controls, it is not necessary that all such countries do, as Choice C claims.
D: Not all of any given pollutant need reach the North Sea, as choice D claims, since at most some needs to.
ETS 对于C与D的解释如何理解?


77. A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city’s traffic congestion. The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people willtch from using their cars to using the bus.
Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor’s reasoning is flawed?
(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to  take a bus.
(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.
(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor’s plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account for twenty percent of the city’s traffic congestion.

OG Explanation: (B is the best answer)
Choice D is inappropriate since many drivers nottching to buses is entirely consistent with many people making thetch.
ETS 对于D的解释如何理解?