Q6 to Q9:
For many years, theoretical
economists characterized humans
as rational beings relentlessly bent
Line on maximizing purely selfish reward.
(5) Results of an experimental economics
study appear to contradict this view,
however. In the “Ultimatum Game,”
two subjects, who cannot exchange
information, are placed in separate
(10) rooms. One is randomly chosen to
propose how a sum of money, known
to both, should be shared between
them; only one offer, which must
be accepted or rejected without
(15) negotiation, is allowed.
If, in fact, people are selfish and
rational, then the proposer should offer
the smallest possible share, while the
responder should accept any offer,
(20) no matter how small: after all, even
one dollar is better than nothing. In
numerous trials, however, two-thirds
of the offers made were between
40 and 50 percent; only 4 percent
(25) were less than 20 percent. Among
responders, more than half who were
offered less than 20 percent rejected
the offer. Behavior in the game did not
appreciably depend on the players’
(30) sex, age, or education. Nor did the
amount of money involved play a
significant role: for instance, in trials
of the game that were conducted in
Indonesia, the sum to be shared was
(35) as much as three times the subjects’
average monthly income, and still
responders refused offers that they
deemed too small.
Q6:
The primary purpose of the passage is to
provide evidence in support of the view that human beings are essentially rational and selfish
use a particular study to challenge the argument that the economic behavior of human beings may be motivated by factors other than selfishness
compare certain views about human nature held by theoretical economists with those held by experimental economists
describe a study that apparently challenges theoretical economists’ understanding of human economic behavior
suggest that researchers may have failed to take into account the impact of certain noneconomic factors in designing a study of human economic behavior
答案是D 但是我无法排除B
请教大家意见!! | 
