求助大全一题（也是OG上的）

qiuhua012345

Traditionally, decision-making by managers that is reasoned step-by-step has been considered preferable to intuitive decision-making. However, a recent study found that top managers used intuition significantly more than did most middle- or lower-level managers . This confirms the alternative view that intuition is actually more effective than careful, methodical reasoning.

The conclusion above is based on which of the following assumptions?

(A) Methodical, step-by-step reasoning is inappropriate for making many real-life management decisions.
(B) Top managers have the ability to use either intuitive reasoning or methodical, step-by-step reasoning in making decisions.
(C) The decisions made by middle- and lower-level managers can be made as easily by using methodical reasoning as by using intuitive reasoning.
(D) Top managers use intuitive reasoning in making the majority of their decisions.
(E) Top managers are more effective at decision-making  than middle- or lower-level managers.

答案选E

我认为题目中有2个premise，第一个：top managers used more intuition than middle/lower managers；第二个：intuition is actually more effective。所以1、2之间少了一个gap，那么按照我的理解这个gap应该是：Top managers are more effective at
intuitive reasoning
than middle- or lower-level managers

但E选项并不是intuitive reasoning，而是decision-making，因为我感觉这里的假设和decision-making没有关系，所以不能理解，哪位NN能解释一下？

qiuhua012345

哦~~我明白了，是我把decision-making和step-by-step reasoning混为一谈了，谢谢SD大侠！

charles1992

我还是没懂为什么选E，可以解释一下么？
qiuhua012345 发表于 2011-9-6 06:32

    The premise says the top managers used intuition more than most middle- or lower-level managers. The conclusion is that the intuition is mroe effective than methodical reasoning (or step-by-step reasoning).

Necessary assumption. Use negation.

If you negate E), you have:
Top managers are NOT more effective at decision-making than middle- or lower-level managers.
If this is the case, then the method used by top managers are not more effective than the method used by the middle- or lower-level mangers. And from the stimulus, we know that the top managers use intuition significantly more than most middle- or lower-level managers. So intuition is NOT more efficient than the step-by-step reasoning method, which is commonly used by all managers. Thus, the conclusion falls apart.

pengyayun

其实很简单：

前提：大老板用直觉，小老板用理论
结论：直觉比理论来的要好

所以题目问你以上推论基于什么样的假设：
那你肯定要选一个意思是，大老板每次都是对的，比小老板用理论make的decision NB，才能证明直觉比理论NB

所以就选E咯。

qiuhua012345

Traditionally, decision-making by managers that is reasoned step-by-step has been considered prefera ...
charles1992 发表于 2011-9-4 21:16

    我还是没懂为什么选E，可以解释一下么？

qiuhua012345

lz意思好像理解错了哦，题目是说“在过去，step-by-step decision被认为更优“，所以第二个premise不对，结 ...
veratobe 发表于 2011-9-5 06:37

    噢，是我搞错了~ intuition is actually more effective是结论，但我还是不能理解E选项，可以解释一下么？

veratobe

lz意思好像理解错了哦，题目是说“在过去，step-by-step decision被认为更优“，所以第二个premise不对，结论才是intuition is actually more effective

charles1992

Traditionally, decision-making by managers that is reasoned step-by-step has been considered preferable to intuitive decision-making (opposing opinion). However, a recent study found that top managers used intuition significantly more than did most middle- or lower-level managers (premise). This confirms the alternative view that intuition is actually more effective than careful, methodical reasoning (conclusion).