GWD-13-30 关于伴随状语的用法

zhangmile

For the first time in the modern era, non-Hispanic Whites are officially a minority in California, which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly there-quarters only a decade ago.

• which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters only a decade ago
• which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from a decade ago, when it was nearly three-quarters
• and that amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from a decade ago, when they were nearly three-quarters
• amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters a decade ago
• amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from what it was a decade ago by nearly three-quarters
  做题做太多，有点晕了，请大牛指点下，伴随状语的用法啊，这里的答案为D ，我突然想不明白，amounting to 为什么不能是whites 或者minority或者california的伴随状语呢？有时候突然就觉得好像amounting to 和which都是在指代california的啊？？？谁能给解释下啊，多谢啊。

swlfxer

这里不是要就近指代啊，是要越前指代，修饰的是non-Hispanic Whites 。

如果用which会产生歧义的，会使得修饰对象不清晰。

越前指代当然是分词结构的跳跃性比从句要强的嘛。

zhangmile

谢谢大侠，继续问，PREP笔记中的解释是说A中，which无所指，前面没有成分可以与amounts to连接（the numbers of non-Hispanic Whites in California才可以）我也是觉得说amount to 的主语应该是number才可以啊，那为什么 E中amounting to 的主语可以是前面的整个分句呢？我理解v-ing可以修饰前面分句主语或者整个分句，但是为什么在这里我觉得amounting 就是不对，就是很怪，就是找不到修饰的对象呢？

soojin3215

A  V  B,  doing
结构中doing-1.做伴随状语，逻辑主语是A
                 -2.做结果状语，逻辑主语是前面的句子（A V B)

hanlei84921

不过我看到过一个句子（具体忘了），结构大体是这样
主句，修饰成分（非句子），分词
好像一般考查这样的容易混淆修饰，因为中间有非主句的内容

zhangmile

谢谢回答，不过我还是想问：amounting  to 有可能修饰前面紧跟的名次或者跳跃一个名词修饰更前的一个名词吗？还是只能修饰前面的整个句子，不好意思，问这种问题，不过还是希望能回答，多谢。

hazardous

是这样的，首先which肯定不对，因为which只能指代离他最近的名词，就是California，而原文是说非西班牙裔的白人；其次C中that明显不对，他在这里裸奔了，that和this在任何情况下都不能裸奔，比如that car,that amount等是可以的；d和e的对比是在简洁上做文章，d已经说得很明白了，e明显是在故意啰嗦，而且那个it也莫名其妙，不知道指的是谁

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