一定错!
Do it 改成do so
Maybe改may be perhaps probably 例题:OGp658/4
There be 罗嗦
There be/such + 别的选项的同根N——100%错 例题:p241/20
逻辑主语:(Being)adj + prep +n,SVO选项中有being——100%错
Consider + as/to be——100%错
Being——95%错
Two times——100%错
分词的完成式作后定N+ having done/N+ having been done——100%错
固定搭配/常用语法点
Being对的情况
被动的动名词作主语宾语或介宾
I hope to get out without being seen 被动动名词(主动doing)
Be + being done 进行时的被动语态
Tom is kicking jerry = jerry is being kicked
例题:p247/24
“,”特殊用法
adj, adj + N条件:2个adj修饰同一个N,2个adj排序
adv, adj
例题:OGp664/40 例题:p250/37
所有格 ” ’s”
A’s B = B of A’s A的B中的一个
B of A A的B(这时的B不能有很多)eg. The size of C——C只有一个size
例题:p241/2
As
Depict, view, regard, use, cite, think of, conceive of + A + as + B
Function, serve, act + as 作为
例题:p274/134
While
当SVO while SVO时,常见省略SVO while doing
The more
The more 结构中 be + verb可省略 例题:p241/7,10
Try
Try to do/try doing尝试做
Not….but….
1. 词组:不一定在助动词后,X、Y要平行 eg. M is killed not by Tom/ not X but Y
2. 不做词组:各自独立 s is not a book, but composes
例题:p246/22
Distinguish
Distinguish A from B 例题:p224/15
Distinguish between A and B
Like /as比较 必考
GMAT中:Like =像 prep+ n/doing (举例用such as) A与主句主语B对应
B V C ,LIKE A
B ,LIKE A, V C
LIKE A, B V C
As 连词conj + 句子SVO
Likely adv/adj eg. Tom is likely to kill you
例题:OGp659/9、p672/82、p661/20 例题:p263/91、p245/16、p257/64
And/also/together with/along with比较
And 连词,可以使得N个并列对象从语法到语义都成为完整的意思
Also 副词,可有可无,作状语,不影响句子结构
Together with = Along with 介词短语,语义上并列前面的中心词,语法上没有任何并列作用
Eg. A of B, together with C —— A是中心词 例题:OGp681/130
“能力”比较
能力一定是主动的;can be done可能正确,因为can 可以不表能力
1. Can
2. Be able + to do
3. The ability + to do
4. Be capable + of doing
5. The capability + of doing/to do
例题:OGp663/34 669/62
As well as/not only…but als比较
As well as并列V时,用作介词; 介词省略的平行——介词尽量保留
Eg. She sings as well as playing piano. 例题:p278/149
A as well as B = not only B, but also A
强调重心不一一样as well as强调重心在前面——A
So…that /so…as to比较
S + be + so…that /so…as to do如此以至于 例题:OGp660/174例题:p263/88 103
这类题出现ENOUGH选项——100%错
Such的表达一般不选
S(sb)+ be + so…as to do to do的逻辑主语必=S(sb)
允许、禁止比较
Allow, permit/forbid + sth/sb to do
Prohibit + sb from doing
比较语法点
More …than…/as…as…/more than比较
More …than…/as…as…
倍数后面两者通用
非倍数后面只能用more…than…
不可以混搭
more than 例题: p15/8
more than= over 用在数字前
more than + adj = very
more than + n =not only
more than + v =greatly
Double /twice比较
Two times——100%错 语义重复
Twice = adv
Double 可以乱用
例题: p259/72 例题: OGp681/125
在比较结构中,助动词的补出问题:语义来看补不补
1. 只有当比较对象是主语时才涉及助动词的补出问题,比较对象是宾语不补
Tom often eats more apples than Jerry dose 不补产生歧义
Tom often eats more apples than pears
2. 在比较的as/than后主语可直接跟助动词=倒装
Y plays tennis better than dose Z
3. 有可能引起误会要补助动词
Y plays tennis better than Z 产生歧义tennis better than Z
Y plays tennis better than Z dose
4. 误会:前句有宾语或类宾语,不同时间比较 例题:p11/14
They will expect to live better than their parents did
做题步骤:先判断是不是主语的比较,不是不补;再看不补助动词有没有误会,误会就补
例题:p245/19 74/1
专题:倒装
V之前找不到S (adj, adv, prep+n/doing不可能是S)例题:p245/20例题:p241/3
专题:定语从句
定语从句:相当于adj去修饰先行词
非限制性定语从句(即有“,”)只能用which
定语从句作主语that不可以省略,作宾语that可以省略
定语从句总原则:尽量“就近指代” SVO, which 一定不指S和句子SVO,只能指代宾语中的中心词
N + doing=主动定从doing只能还原与主句同时间,不同时间只能用定语从句
例题: p241/1 260/80 285/175
定语从句类型:
1. N + that(代词相当于名词只能+不完整句) v o +不完整句
2. N + prep(介词只能+which)which +完整句 介词+which=介宾短语作从句状语
3. N,A (从句主语)of which V O;介词+which=介宾短语作后定修饰A例题: p278/146
4. *A prep B + that V O(相当adj)例题: p278/148 262/86 85
就近原则情况:
当A prep B + that V O 中Prep + B作状语,此时定语从句指A一定错!
A +状语+adj 错:状语应置于A前或者adj后,则定语从句可就近指代
Prep + B作后定,以 A of B为例,此时定语从句指代AB都可能
跳跃指代:如果定语从句修饰A,只能放在of B后面:A of B+ that V O
如果A + that V O of B看作of B修饰O宾语
如何避免跳跃指代 A of B+ that V O
通过主谓一致AB单复数不同 例题: p262/85
最好通过补出同位语:A prep B ,A that V O 例题: p281/160 250/38
Done/doing 作后定
N之后直接加Doing / Done 例题:p244/14例题:OGp663/32
任何N+done,首先逻辑上分析N与V之间的主被动关系
主动done是谓语,被动done是N的后定= N+(that be省略简洁)+done
N + doing=主动定从,doing只能还原与主句同时间,不同时间只能用定语从句,而且doing不能还原为复杂时态(完成时)的定语从句
分词的完成式绝对不作后定,但是可作状语 N+ having done/N+ having been done100%错