PREP-2-19 help～～～～～～

zhaoyiqing

With a record number of new companies starting up in Derderia and with previously established companies adding many jobs, a record number of new jobs were created last year in the Derderian economy.  This year, previously established companies will not be adding as many new jobs overall as such companies added last year.  Therefore, unless a record number of companies start up this year, Derderia will not break its record for new jobs created.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
(A)
(B) Companies established last year will not add a greater number of jobs overall this year than they did last year.
(C) This year, the new companies starting up will not provide substantially more jobs per company than did new companies last year.
(D)
(E)

这题是这样的，我在B和C里选不清楚
后来，有好心同学告诉我，B就是对原文的重复，所以错。
BUT！我有一道OG上的assumption题，对原文重复但是是对的！

贴题：

73. “Fast cycle time” is a strategy of designing a manufacturing organization to eliminate bottlenecks and delays in production. Not only does it speed up production, but it also assures quality. The reason is that the bottlenecks and delays cannot be eliminated unless all work is done right the first time.

The claim about quality made above rests on a questionable presupposition that ？

(A) any flaw in work on a product would cause a bottleneck or delay and so would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line
(B) the strategy of “fast cycle time” would require fundamental rethinking of product design
(C) the primary goal of the organization is to produce a product of unexcelled quality, rather than to generate profits for stockholders
(D) “fast cycle time” could be achieved by shaving time off each of the component processes in production cycle
(E) “fast cycle time” is a concept in business strategy that has not yet been put into practice in a factory

就是选A的，lawyer还说列，“其实这道题作者在耍语言游戏，绕着说，其实没什麽逻辑推理。也没什麽前提，直接有个结论，这种题的假设答案就是将该答案换句话说一遍。其实你不觉得结论和A其实意思差不多吗。”

好晕啊。。。assumption到底可以对原文重复么？？？

zhaoyiqing

谢谢了呀，辛苦啦～～～～～～～～～～～～～

piacia

73. “Fast cycle time” is a strategy of designing a manufacturing organization to eliminate bottlenecks and delays in production. Not only does it speed up production, but it also assures quality. The reason is that the bottlenecks and delays cannot be eliminated unless all work is done right the first time.就是说fast cycle time可以减少瓶颈，加快生产，确保质量。这个也就是结论

(A) any flaw in work on a product would cause a bottleneck or delay and so would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line这句话是用实例来证明，当货物确实有flaw的时候能够在first cycle被屏蔽掉，解决掉。也就是对原文的support。取反是weaken的。所以正确
(B) the strategy of “fast cycle time” would require fundamental rethinking of product design。原文没有谈论design的问题，out of scope
(C) the primary goal of the organization is to produce a product of unexcelled quality, rather than to generate profits for stockholders,太过于绝对了，the primary goal，且原文没有提到这个goal，所以是out of scope
(D) “fast cycle time” could be achieved by shaving time off each of the component processes in production cycle这种achieve的方式跟原文说的不同，所以无关
(E) “fast cycle time” is a concept in business strategy that has not yet been put into practice in a factory，原文没有提到关于business strategy的问题，所以out of scope

因此就A对

captain_mas

With a record number of new companies starting up in Derderia and with previously established companies adding many jobs, a record number of new jobs were created last year in the Derderian economy.  This year, previously established companies will not be adding as many new jobs overall as such companies added last year.  Therefore, unless a record number of companies start up this year, Derderia will not break its record for new jobs created.

原文的意思是说
premise1:去年的就业总数是靠1.，新公司创造的就业机会；2。现有的公司创造的就业机会
premise2:今年现有公司创造的就业机会不会比去年的多

conclusion:除非有更多的新公司可以创立以此来创造更多的就业机会，否则D是不会打破去年的就业空缺岗位的记录的

所谓的assumption就是对原文起到支持作用的，即便是重复也算是支持吧。就像是1%的支持也是支持一样。不过assumption最重要的是可以检验。就是说对选项的原话和取反对结论能产生support/weaken的不同作用。

因此这道题目可以看出，原文的premise已经给了条件，今年现有公司创造的就业机会不会比去年的多，所以能对这个总数产生作用的只有比较去年新开的公司和今年新开公司所创造的空缺岗位的个数了

B，premise已经给了这个信息，但是还是没有提到新公司的问题，所以没有起到衡量的作用
C。就是说新公司和新公司的比较，所以正确

检验一下：
This year, the new companies starting up will not provide substantially more jobs per company than did new companies last year。这句话：不会提供更多，意味着今年的总岗位数会比去年的少；所以support,取反，如果提供的多了，对结论是weaken了，有正负的效果，所以这个选项正确