feifei 85

missouyangs

In opposing the 1970 Clean Air Act, the United States automobile industry argued that meeting the act’s standards for automobile emissions was neither economically feasible nor environmentally necessary. However, the catalytic converter, invented in 1967, enabled automakers to meet the 1970 standards efficiently. Currently, automakers are lobbying against the government’s attempt to pass legislation that would tighten restrictions on automobile emissions. The automakers contend that these new restrictions would be overly expensive and unnecessary to efforts to curb air pollution. Clearly, the automobile industry’s position should not be heeded.

85. Which one of the following most accurately expresses the method used to counter the automakers’ current position?

(A) The automakers’ premises are shown to lead to a contradiction.

(B) Facts are mentioned that show that the automakers are relying on false information.

(C) A flaw is pointed out in the reasoning used by the automakers to reach their conclusion.

(D) A comparison is drawn between the automakers’ current position and a position they held in the past.

(E) Evidence is provided that the new emissions legislation is both economically feasible and environmentally necessary.

为什么选D, 如果有Evidence提供说他们可以做到不是更好，E,C怎么不行

insonbia83

答案好像就是A吧 我看的解释版本说A是支持的 E是无关的

min356478

这个题目还有一问，向大家请教！
问题：which one of the following if true lends the most support to the automakers' current position?

A. the more stringent the legislation restricting emission becomes, the mre difficult  it cecomes for automakers to provide the required technology economically.

Bemissions-restriction technology can often be engineered so as to avoid reducing the efficience with which an automobile uses fuel.

C. not every new piece of legislation restricting emission requeires new automotive technology in order for automakers to comply with it.

D. the more automobiles there are on teh road, the more stringent emossion restrictions must be to prevent increased overall air polution.

E. unless forced to do so by the govenment, automakers rarely make changes in automotive technology that is not related to profitability.

请问各位，为什么A选项没有起到支持作用 反而起到了削弱的作用呢？A说法规越严格那么对于制造商来说提供新的技术难度就越大，这样的话导致的结果不就是越expensive么？
我在A和E之间徘徊不知道选择什么 看了给的解释说A起到了weaken的作用 实在不理解！
请大家帮忙！！谢谢了

mandying

我是这样理解的：

automaker 说  neither economically feasible nor environmentally necessary

然后 E 说  both economically feasible and environmentally necessary

看上去好像是E，但是不是的


因为题干问的是用了什么方法，而不是说了什么理由

那么就可以这样理解

automaker 说  neither economically feasible nor environmentally necessary 是基于以前的情况

然后 E 说  both economically feasible and environmentally necessary 是因为现在有新的证据

所以答案是D

不过这种解题方法有点怪，因为需要看到E才会想到，哦，可能是automaker 现在的环境变了，所以他的争论点站不住脚了

swinerton

我觉得这道题是这样的：
文中提出了一个claim：不需要对科学家工作进行officially confirmed.
论据：因为通过其他科学家对于results replication可以用来验证。所以：when other scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results 这是harmless的。
也就是说：Replication of results will testifiy the confirmation => it is harmless for other scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results.
               
怎样来削弱呢？What if replication process will not occur until a long time? 如果是这样的话，其他人使用没有验证过的结果就是harmful的。
其他答案B科学家在哪里工作和结论无关；
答案C 科学家在replication审查工作中的压力如何也无关：
答案D 报告是careless还是fraud和文中结论无关；
答案E 科学家一个人工作还是和其他人工作也和结论无关。

拙见请参考。