再求助！！！！OG12-79

Lolita

In countries where automobile insurance includes compensation for whiplash injuries sustained in automobile accidents, reports of having suffered such injuries are twice as frequent as they are in countries where whiplash is not covered. Presently, no objective test for whiplash exists, so it is true that spurious reports of whiplash injuries cannot be readily identifi ed. Nevertheless, these facts do not warrant the conclusion drawn by some commentators that in the countries with the higher rates of reported whiplash injuries, half of the reported cases are spurious.
Clearly, in countries where automobile insurance does not include compensation for whiplash, people often have little incentive to report whiplash injuries that they actually have suffered.
In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?
(A) The fi rst is a claim that the argument disputes; the second is a conclusion that has been based on that claim.
(B) The fi rst is a claim that has been used to support a conclusion that the argument accepts; the second is that conclusion.
(C) The fi rst is evidence that has been used to support a conclusion for which the argument provides further evidence; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.
(D) The fi rst is a fi nding whose implications are at issue in the argument; the second is a claim presented in order to argue against deriving certain implications from that fi nding.
(E) The fi rst is a fi nding whose accuracy is evaluated in the argument; the second is evidence presented to establish that the fi nding is accurate.

不明白D是什么意思
白痴的问一句，什么叫at issue
D说第二句是用来反对从第一个finding里得出implications 可是我觉得第一句和第二句话表达的是一个意思啊，第二个怎么会是反对第一个呢？
第一句说有规定对w赔偿的城市，report的多  第二个事说在没有包括这个赔偿的国家里，人们很少去report
这两个明明是一个意思啊 我真的不明白这两句之间的关系，求指教！！！

waxberry

不错，解释的真好

NicoleYu

楼主好像对文章内容理解有点偏差

首先说的是在这种伤害被列入保险的国家，这种伤害被报告的数量是不被列入保险的国家的2倍（第一处黑体字，说的是一个现象，也正是后文在争论的内容）
然后接着说，对这种伤害没有客观的测试，所以即使有假报的这种伤害也不能被分辨出来
但是，随后转折说这个事实并不能说明在该伤害被列入保险的国家就有一半的是假报的（此处就在暗示可能存在假报一般的可能，虽然不能被证实）
最后给出一个说法：在不将该伤害列入保险的国家，人们即使受到了该伤害，也没有动力去报告（因为不被列入保险，无法获得赔偿，所以没有报告出来），这里是第二处黑体字，想说明的是在该伤害没有列入保险的国家，实际受伤的人是比报告数多的，反过来就是在反对之前的那个暗示