OG 153 VS OG 177句子焦点(句子重心)

153. A recording system was so secretly installed and operated in the Kennedy Oval Office that even Theodore C. Sorensen, the White House counsel, did not know it existed.

(A) A recording system was so secretly installed and operated in the Kennedy Oval Office that

(B) So secret was a recording system installation and operation in the Kennedy Oval Office

(D) A recording system that was so secretly installed and operated in the Kennedy Oval Office

(E) Installed and operated so secretly in the Kennedy Oval Office was a recording system that

A, the best choice, correctly focuses upon the recording system by making it the straightforward subject of the sentence and the logical referent of the pronoun it in the last line. B makes installation and operation the subject, distorting the focus and leaving it without a clear referent. C distorts the focus with an awkward and confusing delayed subject construction. C also omits the conjunction that necessary to introduce the clause stating the result (even Sorenson did not know . . .). D, a long noun phrase with no finite verb, produces a fragment rather than a complete sentence. E awkwardly inverts the order of the subject and predicate in the main clause and thus cannot be logically connected to the remainder of the sentence.

OG上头的解释, 说 A选将焦点正确地放在recording system上,

偶想请教如何从原题中未划线的部分得知焦点所在呢?

像这题,B选如果句末有that,偶就无法排除它了.(虽然B选还有it无法指代的毛病,可是很有可能考试的时候,又把installation and operation视为一组( a pair )的名词而认为it可代)

类似的状况如

OG 177

177. So poorly educated and trained are many young recruits to the United States work force that many business executives fear this country will lose its economic preeminence.

(A) So poorly educated and trained are many young recruits to the United States work force that

(B) As poorly educated and trained as many young recruits to the United States work force are,

(C) Because of many young recruits to the United States work force who are so poorly educated and trained,

(D) That many young recruits to the United States work force are so poorly educated and trained is why

(E) Many young recruits to the United States work force who are so poorly educated and trained explains why

A, the best choice, uses the idiomatic form So X that Y to establish a cause/effect relationship between clauses X and Y. In B, the subject of the as ... as clause (young recruits) should be the subject of the main clause as well (e.g., they). Furthermore, main clauses following concessive clauses must express a contrasting notion: for example, "As ill-prepared as they are, they nevertheless find good jobs." C offers a wordy, convoluted because clause. In D, the sentence form X is why is unidiomatic (X is the reason why would be idiomatic but needlessly wordy and awkward). E exhibits subject-verb disagreement: young recruits ... explains why.