[分享]托福阅读方法分享

qiqiduofu

新托福的阅读题注重宏观框架，而旧托相比较之下更注重细节，但是从文章的架构和写作思路上看还是一样的，因此旧托还是有参考价值的。OG是最基本的复习材料，不管是哪位大牛人都是从OG开始的，然后是DELTA，最后做模考软件，等这些都做完了就可以适当的做一做旧托，毕竟新托的题太少了。下面就给大家提供一篇练一练吧。
The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking marijuana.That is the claim of psychologists who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone or computer keypad or checking them for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to ten points off the user’s IQ.
This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have labeled the fleeting phenomenon of enhanced stupidity as “infomania”.
Research on sleep deprivation suggests that the IQ drop caused by electronic obsession is also equivalent to a wakeful night.
Infomania is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men, the study commissioned by Hewlett Packard, the technology company, has concluded.
The noticeable drop in IQ is attributed to the constant distraction of “always on” technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand.
Workers lose productivity by interrupting a business meeting and disrupt social gatherings because of their infirmity, the report said.
The brain also finds it hard to cope with juggling lots of tasks at once, reducing its overall effectiveness, it added. And while modern technology can have huge benefits, excessive use can be damaging not only to a person’s mind, but to their social life.
Furthermore, infomania is having a negative effect on work colleagues, increasing stress and dissenting feelings. Nine out of ten polled thought that colleagues who answered e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude. Yet one in three Britons believes that it is not only acceptable, but actually diligent and efficient to do so.
The effects on IQ were studied by Dr Glenn Wilson, a University of London psychologist, as part of the research project. “This is a very real and widespread phenomenon,” he said. “We have found that infomania, if unchecked, will damage a worker’s performance by reducing their mental sharpness. Companies should encourage a more balanced and appropriate way of working.”
（摘自：秦苏珊英语中心）
其实这是一篇难度中等的文章，但是我相信一定还是有很多朋友掌握不了，没关系，下面是我从网上搜集的阅读方法，个人认为比较有效，请大家耐心阅读之后再读一遍文章，看看是不是有些得心应手了呢？方法如下：
一、单词题目。平时注意单词量的积累，力求达到可以随时随地记忆单词的境界。其实我们在记忆单词的时候也可以适当地使用一些策略，那就是在我们可以把自己的侧重点放在动词和形容词的记忆上。考试过后，你就会发现这个策略的事半功倍了。此外，对于自己不认识的单词，我们应该主动回原文找同义词，或找相关的提示信息。
 二、找代词指代对象的题目。在考试中，它们主要会以如下两种形式出现。（1）it、one、their、its、that类，这种题目主要是考查我们对于并列关系的掌握，这时，我们应该主动去看这个词所在的那整句话，从已知话中找到处于相同地位的词。（2）考查由that、which涉及到的定语从句类，我们在面对这种题目时，应该有意识的在选项中找从句中谓语动词的发起者或接受者，因为只有这样才可以迈出通向胜利的第一步。
三、考查文章内容的题目。在历次的托福考试中，也存在着两大主要题型，即：文章细节考查题和文章结构考查题。
1、文章细节考查题。解答文章细节考查题，我们一般都可以回到原文中去做定位，找到相近或相似的内容，进而得出答案。常见的定位有以下3种：
（1）题目本身给出定位。
（2）至少先可作出一个段落的定位。
（3）位置多夹于前后两题位置之间。
    2、文章结构考查题。一定要注意：
（1）千万不要根据你读的信息去作推理。
（2）不要把文章从头到尾当成一个整体，尽可能各段独立。
（3）根据经验，在考试中，整篇文章的最后一句出题较多，所以应该仔细阅读这个重要的句子。
以上是针对托福考试阅读部分的常见题型做出的一些有关于考试解题方法与技巧的分项介绍。
    在整个的阅读考试中，我们还应该了解到：
（1）在这个特殊的考试时间段内，我们的记忆比理解更为重要，在解题的时候一定要完全忠实于原文，切忌私自做出任何的主观臆断。
（2）在做题步骤方面，我们可以先简读原文（主要是各个段落的第一，二句话），而后阅读题目，最后观察选项做出判断。值得我们特别注意的是，我们在做出判断的时候，切忌不要选择在选项中存在比较，而在原文中没有明确表示过的项目；切忌不要去选择那些说法过于绝对化的选项。