kimchi

14.[谷物和肉]
谷物和肉的那道逻辑OG类似题
Gortland has long been narrowly self-sufficient in both grain and meat. However, as per capita income in Gortland has risen toward the world average, per capita consumption of meat has also risen toward the world average, and it takes several pounds of grain to produce one pound of meat. Therefore, since per capita income continues to rise, whereas domestic
grain production will not increase, Gortland will soon have to import either grain or meat or both.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) The total acreage devoted to grain production in Gortland will soon decrease.
(B) Importing either grain or meat will not result in a significantly higher percentage of Gortlanders’ incomes being spent on food than is currently the case.
(C) The per capita consumption of meat in Gortland is increasing at roughly the same rate across all income levels.
(D) The per capita income of meat producers in Gortland is rising faster than the per capita income of grain producers.
(E) People in Gortland who increase their consumption of meat will not radically decrease their consumption of grain.

by tinaren9081 720  Grain和meat 消费（OG上题目的变体，问假设）
V2某国人们富裕了就吃更多的肉了.一斤肉要若干斤谷物才能养成.此国还会更富裕，但谷物生产不会增加,于是有人说要开始进口谷物．　问：什么削弱此建议.　
狗主答案：富裕是是由于少数及有钱的人造成的.　他们食肉量不会再增加,　所以整体食肉量也不会再过于增加.
by考了寂静上关于GRAIN 和MEAT那道题，非常明显的选A，人均消费再上升也是富人上升，他们吃不了更多了。大家回去找以前的寂静看吧，很清楚的。其他几个选项都超离谱的。。
V3             问结论狗主3选的是：这个国家将会进口谷物或者肉.By8.9-v35,同意
V4【prep-new-79.   (32057-!-item-!-188;#058&006758)】
The country of Baurisia has, until now, been self-sufficient in both grain andmeat.  However, with growing prosperityin Baurisia has come a steadily increasing per capita consumption of meat, andit takes several pounds of grain to produce one pound of meat.  Therefore, since per capita income in Baurisia is almost certain to rise further but increases in domestic grai nproduction are highly unlikely, Baurisia is soon likely to become an importer of grain.
Which ofthe following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. When people increase their consumption of meat, they also tend to increase their consumption of grain.
B. Theper capita consumption of meat in Baurisia is roughly the same across all income levels.
C. Per capita consumption of meat has not increased substantially in recent years inthose countries from which Baurisia is likely to import meat.
D. It is more economical for Baurisians to import meat than grain.
E. During Baurisia's years of growing prosperity, the country's population has remained relatively stable.

kimchi

12.[北极鱼]
有个北极那边鱼，天气变得越来越热，有利于产子孵化。
问假设
13.[哮喘、感冒]
GWD的哮喘和感冒比例那个，画个韦恩图就能看出来的
GWD-9-Q13:
Fact: Asthma, a bronchial condition, is much less common ailment than hay fever, an allergic inflammation of the nasal passages.
Fact: over 95 percent of people who have asthma also suffer from hay fever.

If the information given as facts above is true, which of the following must also be true?

A.    Hay fever is a prerequisite for the development of asthma
B.    Asthma is a prerequisite for the development of hay fever
C.    Those who have neither hay fever nor asthma comprise less than 5 percent of the total population
D.    The number of people who have both of these ailments is greater than the number of people who have only one of them
E.    The percentage of people suffering from hay fever who also have asthma is lower than 95 percent.
[变体] ballackahn760分        V40
Fact: Asthma, a bronchial condition, is much less common ailment than hay fever, an allergic inflammation of the nasal passages.
Fact: over 95 percent of people who have asthma also suffer from hay fever.

我这个是已知第二个fact和答案 The percentage of people suffering from hay fever who also have asthma is lower than 95 percent，
问第一个fact。

kimchi

11.[小岛鱼]
說某島住著少數民族  主食是某魚類  然後這魚類也是少數民族   說這島上居民endanger了這些魚
然後因此說  雖然這些少數民族逐漸減少中...  但因為他們會endanger這些魚  所以就...沒關係 (!?!?!?)   <-- 沒關係是我亂翻的  但前面敘述是對的

问assumption

狗主答案兩者都會死一個   (逻辑有点像要毒死島上兔子救植物但又會害到鹿   毒还是不毒!? !)

kimchi

10.[护发草本]
說...某公司用某herb做护发乳， 这种herb別的地方找不到，只在某岛有，此岛居民都用這herb來洗香香，他們的头发又黑又健康，因此证明他們的产品是很有效的

问加強狗主答案此岛居民中不用这个herb洗香香的就头发沒其他人那么好
考古：抑制头发脱落
一群人发现一种herb是有效抑制头发脱落的，证据是一个在岛上的种族多年用这种herb来弄头发，并且这种herb从来没在其他地方出现过，问assumption：我选的是如果不用这种herb，岛上居民的头发就会脱落

kimchi

9.[莎翁戏剧Shakespeare的取材]
历史学者說: 用personal doc. 判定莎士比亞 authored the play 和他的life有关是不对的，因为沒有用书信是去有效证明的 (letters and manixxx )
反駁: 那個時代的紙和mani是很rare的  在各種情況都會重覆書寫再利用, 因此並不會完整保存下來

问反驳的依据什么?

狗主答案在沒有source的情況下的历史是可以透過environmental evidence去验证的（某lz：我觉得挺对的）
by xiehaha有一个有点像[莎翁戏剧的取材]的变体
也是先说：某人的作品不一定是他导演的，因为没有留下纸质的证据
反驳：那时候的纸很少很贵，要反复利用，因此他的手稿用完后没用了就自然不必保存
问反驳的依据是什么
有个答案是，一个claim的证据不足，但证据的不足不能成为deny这个claim的依据
我选的是这个，不知道对不对。。。。

kimchi

8.[海盗船]
某船在1870年代沉在某T岛，又知此年代是海盜猖獗的年代，推說這艘船是用來trading，但又說考古發現這wreck某些功能不符合trading的功能(carries??)  因此判定這是艘海賊王的船啊啊啊啊啊!!!
考古：P船系海盗船否？
考古的时候发现有搜P船大约在几几年沉没在某城附近，历史记载好像和海盗有啥关系。进一步研究发现P船带了很多的cargo超过了它所能带的范围，而P船是当时有最大船载量的船。研究者推断这艘船被海盗劫持了。问weaken：政府为了抓海盗，把很多商船都改装了

kimchi

7．[地产税]
某城市就靠房地產稅收來維持，今年的assess value下降，若不提高tax rate，就无法維持去年的稅收  
问加強

狗主答案此國政府不可能允許這城市$$$$ deficit
By ym我觉得答案可能是不存在其他可以提高税收的方法，或者提高tax rate不会出现反作用，结合狗主不完整的答案看，解题思路应该是答案取非削弱原文观点
The total market value of real estate in Altonville has steadily declined over the past four years.  This decline has meant that the overall figure on which the city’s property tax is based—the assessed value of that real estate—has also declined.  The percentage of assessed value that was paid as property taxes to the city, however, did not change from year to year during this period.
Total market value下降，tax rate不变$ tax=Total market value*tax rate也下降了
The information above most strongly supports which of the following?
A.    The percentage of Altonville’s yearly revenue that comes from money collected in property taxes did not change over the past four years.
B.    The percentage of Altonville’s yearly revenue that comes from money collected in property taxes has declined steadily over the past four years. 那要看revenue的其他部分的情况
C.    The amount of revenue that Altonville collected from property taxes was lower last year than it was four years ago.
D.    During the past four years, Altonville officials increased tax rates on other sources of revenue such as retail sales and business profits.        无关
E.    Altonville will soon require property owners to pay a higher percentage of the assessed value of their property as property tax.           无关

kimchi

5. [吸烟区]

一个人说公司吸烟的人很少，所以公司用在建立吸烟区的钱浪费啦什么的，另一个人就说，正因为吸烟的人少，所以这样做有益于大多数人的健康，问另一个人是怎么反对第一个人的
属于论证方法的评述。。。

？论据不能证明论点

6.[花粉病毒]

说什么要靠小虫子传粉的花感染了某种病毒，然后自花传粉的花就没有受到感染，结论好像是某虫子传染的病毒什么的

问加强小虫子从来不接近自花传粉的花？

变体：考古：花的授粉

一种花，有自己授粉和通过一种虫子授粉两种，通过虫子授粉的花得了一种病，说是因为虫子而感染的，问哪个Support。方向很多：1）自己授粉的花都没有得这种病，2）其它由这种虫授粉的花也得了这种病；3）直接Explain虫子感染花的原因。。这个题当时狗主没有给答案。。方向是前人总结的，我觉得2更合适些，大家再看题目吧

kimchi

4.[WASP治虫]
chelseeea

V1一种虫子威胁到一种树， 然后政府就想引进一个wasp去控制虫子

澳洲外来一种S开头的虫子,有人说要农药,但农药有个坏处,会杀死不必要的物种.所以要引进同样外来的WASP消灭它
问加强。

狗主答案SWAP不会吃其他虫子(说明只吃TARGETED害虫,而且题目里有提到澳洲有其他ECONOMIC有价值的虫子)

V2一种虫子（就叫他大害虫） NATIVE TO AUSTRALIA 后来被引入到某个国家 。 这虫子特别喜欢吃一种珍贵的树 因此对这个树造成了极大损害。该国本准备用杀虫剂来除掉大害虫，但是杀虫剂会对很多其他昆虫造成损害。于是，该国准备从AUSTRALIA引入一种WASP， 这种WASP在AUSTRALIA专吃大害虫。因此预计引进这种wasp可以达到预计的效果
问STRENTHEN THE ARGUMENT：我选的是 WASP除了大害虫之外不吃别的虫子

kimchi

3.[航空投诉]

V1航空公司为了减少飞机延误的抱怨，应该提高座位的质量，减少对座位的抱怨，因为有研究发现一个人对一项东西抱怨是因为受对另外一样东西抱怨情绪的影响。

问削弱。（weaken题）选项A长线的航班延误多，短线的航班延误少之类的。有选项说飞机的座位问题已经得到很大改善

答案

A.5年以来还受到过抱怨饭菜的投诉。（不确定，分低....)

B :航空公司在准点上不可控。

C. recently，每一趟飞机的上座率增加了（答案3主Hardy冉冉对V部分的成绩总体满意，只是逻辑部分是最不满意的）LZ答案：飞机的上座率增加了

D:
长线的航班延误多，短线的航班延误少之类的。

E: 飞机的座位问题已经得到很大改善。

考古

V2变体！飞机delay容易造成乘客对其他方面不满.例如这几年座位间的距离没变. 但因为飞机这几年延误的多, 对座位距离不满的人就增多了. 要解决问题 就要减少delay. 问什么weaken.选项有1.median-distance的乘客比short-distance的乘客总体对座位问题不满的少 2. 飞机这几年增加了很多航班 3. 飞机这几年front的座位distance改变了其余的记不清了

考古：这个比较像V1。。。狗主口楞选错了。。。

某航空公司进来收到很多关于飞机delay和座位cramping的投诉。但该公司认为他们公司早几年才扩宽了座位，所以其实顾客的投诉只是因为delay而引起的不满而投诉，与座位无关的。所以如果航空公司尽量不晚点，那么就不会再有人投诉了。问weaken：目前的顾客流量超过了扩宽的座位数