babyboy

altruism ['æltruizəm] n. 利他；利他主义
captivity [kæp'tivəti] n. 囚禁；被关
caste [kɑ:st, kæst] n. （具有严格等级差别的）社会地位；
pronounced [prəu'naunst] adj. 断然的；显著的；讲出来的 v. 发音；宣告；断言（pronounce的过去分词）

自然科学——生物
结论解释型
逻辑简图：第一段：eusocial行为也有可能发生在脊椎动物rat
第二段：与。。。昆虫相同，rat的皇后。。。
第三段：昆虫的角色是由。。。。决定的，rat的角色是由。。。决定的
第四段： 与其他脊椎动物不同，rat的协作繁殖是由个体进行的，劳动力分割也不同。。。

主题题：
160. Which of the following most accurately states the main
idea of the passage?
(A) Naked mole rat colonies are the only known
examples of cooperatively breeding vertebrate
societies.
(B) Naked mole rat colonies exhibit social organization
based on a rigid caste system.
(C) Behavior in naked mole rat colonies may well be
a close vertebrate analogue to behavior in eusocial
insect societies.
(D) The mating habits of naked mole rats differ from
those of any other vertebrate species.
(E) The basis for the division of labor among naked
mole rats is the same as that among eusocial insects.

信息题：考人物观点
161. The passage suggests that Jarvis’ work has called into
question which of the following explanatory variables
for naked mole rat behavior?
(A) Size
(B) Age
(C) Reproductive status
(D) Rate of growth
(E) Previously exhibited behavior

信息题：推测
162. It can be inferred from the passage that the performance
of tasks in naked mole rat colonies differs from task
performance in eusocial insect societies in which of the
following ways?
(A) In naked mole rat colonies, all tasks ate performed
cooperatively.
(B) In naked mole rat colonies, the performance of
tasks is less rigidly determined by body shape.
(C) In naked mole rat colonies, breeding is limited to
the largest animals.
(D) In eusocial insect societies, reproduction is limited
to a single female.
(E) In eusocial insect societies, the distribution of
tasks is based on body size.

信息题：推测题
163. According to the passage, which of the following is a
supposition rather than a fact concerning the queen in a
naked mole rat colony?
(A) She is the largest member of the colony.
(B) She exerts chemical control over the colony.
(C) She mates with more than one male.
(D) She attains her status through aggression.
(E) She is the only breeding female.

强对比取非题：考（）
164. The passage supports which of the following inferences
about breeding among Lycaon pictus?
(A) The largest female in the social group does
not maintain reproductive status by means of
behavioral control.
(B) An individual’s ability to breed is related primarily
to its rate of growth.
(C) Breeding is the only task performed by the breeding
female.
(D) Breeding in the social group is not cooperative.
(E) Breeding is not dominated by a single pair of dogs.

错题/信息题：一定注意选项与原文部分相同，但是意思却相反，仔细读！！！
165. According to the passage, naked mole rat colonies may differ from all other known vertebrate groups in which
of the following ways?
(A) Naked mole rats exhibit an extreme form of altruism.
(B) Naked mole rats are cooperative breeders.
(C) Among naked mole rats, many males are permitted to breed with a single dominant female.（错误！原文是其他脊椎动物是由两个个体完成的繁殖，而rat是有单个个体完成的）
(D) Among naked mole rats, different tasks are performed at different times in an individual’s life.
(E) Among naked mole rats, fighting results in the selection of a breeding female.

错题/段落作用题：第三段虽然内容是rat与昆虫类的角色决定因素的对比，但是注意第一段主题是rat与昆虫类相同都是eusocial，所以段落作用题一定不要脱离主题存在
166. One function of the third paragraph of the passage is to
(A) state a conclusion about facts presented in an earlier paragraph
(B) introduce information that is contradicted by information in the fourth paragraph
(C) qualify the extent to which two previously mentioned groups might be similar
(D) show the chain of reasoning that led to the conclusions of a specific study
(E) demonstrate that, of three explanatory factors offered, two may be of equal significance


7 B 03:02
8 E 00:29
9 E 00:55
10 C 01:03
11 A 01:09
12 C 01:42

95 D 02:52
96 E 00:33
97 D 00:29
98 D 00:29
99 C 01:15
100 D 00:53

107 C 06:13
108 D 01:02
109 B 03:31
110 B 02:50
111 A 01:24
112 B 02:13

160 C 04:43
161 B 01:06
162 B 02:57
163 B 03:37
164 E 00:49
165 C 00:45
166 D 02:42

错误率16%
超时率28%
总时间没有超时

babyboy

Passage 27
Until recently, scientists did not know of a close verte-
brate analogue to the extreme form of altruism observed in
eusocial insects like ants and bees, whereby individuals
cooperate, sometimes even sacrificing their own oppor-
( 5) tunities to survive and reproduce, for the good of others.
However , such a vertebrate society may exist among under-
ground colonies of the highly social rodent Heterocephalus
glaber, the naked mole rat.
A naked mole rat colony, like  a beehive, wasp’s nest, or
(10) termite mound, is ruled by its queen, or reproducing
female. Other adult female mole rats neither ovulate nor
breed. The queen of the largest member of the colony, and
she maintains her breeding status through a mixture of
behavioral and, presumably, chemical control. Queens have
(15) been long-lived in captivity, and when they die or are
removed from a colony one sees violent fighting for breed-
ing status among the larger remaining females, leading to a
takeover by a new queen.
Eusocial insect societies have rigid caste systems, each
(20)insects’s role being defined by its behavior,body shape, and
physiology. In naked mole rat societies, on the other hand,
differences in behavior are related primarily to reproductive
status (reproduction being limited to the queen and a few
males), body size, and perhaps age. Smaller nonbreeding
(25) members, both male and female, seem to participate pri-
marily in gathering food, transporting nest material, and
tunneling. Larger nonreaders are active in defending the
colony and perhaps in removing dirt from the tunnels.
Jarvis’ work has suggested  that differences in growth rates
(30)may influence the length of time that an individual performs
a task, regardless of its age.
Cooperative breeding has evolved many times in verte-
brates, but unlike naked mole rats , most cooperatively
breeding vertebrates (except the wild dog, Lycaon pictus)
(35) are dominated by a pair of breeders rather than by a single
breeding female. The division of labor within social groups
is less pronounced among other vertebrates than among
naked mole rats, colony size is much smaller, and mating
by subordinate females may not be totally suppressed,
(40) whereas  in naked mole rat colonies subordinate females are
not sexually active, and many never breed.

babyboy

bold [bəuld] adj. 大胆的，英勇的；厚颜无耻的；险峻的；黑体的
mitigate ['mitiɡeit] vt. 使缓和，使减轻vi. 减轻，缓和下来
grievance ['ɡri:vəns] n. 不满，不平；委屈；冤情

社会现象——黑人
结论解释型
逻辑简图：第一段：R作为B的领导者与 P公司斗争了十年，R的努力有两方面成功：  
第二段：R在斗争中也面临着一些障碍：一个障碍是。。。。另一个是。。。。
第三段：但是，B(R)也有一些优势，一个优势是罢工。。。另一个优势是地理分隔。。。
第四段：补充R的成功

信息题
107. According to the passage, by 1935 the skepticism of
Black workers toward unions was
(A) unchanged except among Black employees of
railroad-related industries.
(B) reinforced by the actions of the Pullman Company’s
union
(C) mitigated by the efforts of Randolph
(D) weakened by the opening up of many unions to
Black workers.
(E) largely alleviated because of the policies of the
American Federation of Labor.

作者态度题
108. In using the word “understandable” (line 14), the
author most clearly conveys
(A) sympathy with attempts by the Brotherhood
between 1925 and 1935 to establish an independent
union.
(B) concern that the obstacles faced by Randolph
between 1925 and 1935 were indeed formidable
(C) ambivalence about the significance of unions to
most Black workers in the 1920’s.
(D) appreciation of the attitude of many Black workers
in the 1920’s toward unions.
(E) regret at the historical attitude of unions toward
Black workers.

信息题：推测题
109. The passage suggests which of the following about the
response of porters to the Pullman Company’s own
union?
(A) Few porters ever joined this union.
(B) Some porters supported this union before 1935.
(C) Porters, more than other Pullman employees,
enthusiastically supported this union.
(D) The porters’ response was most positive after 1935.
(E) The porters’ response was unaffected by the general
skepticism of Black workers concerning unions.

错题/强对比取非题：注意定位以及与原文信息的匹配
110. The passage suggests that if the grievances of porters in
one part of the United States had been different from
those of porters in another part of the country, which of
the following would have been the case?
(A) It would have been more difficult for the Pullman
Company to have had a single labor policy.
(B) It would have been more difficult for the
Brotherhood to control its channels of
communication.(原文是保护交流不被打扰，另外这一点是与前面地理分隔有关，与greivance无关)
(C) It would have been more difficult for the
Brotherhood to build its membership.
(D) It would have been easier for the Pullman
Company’s union to attract membership.
(E) It would have been easier for the Brotherhood to
threaten strikes.

强对比取非题
111. The passage suggests that in the 1920’s a company in
the United States was able to
(A) use its own funds to set up a union
(B) require its employees to join the company’s own
union
(C) develop a single labor policy for all its employees
with little employee dissent.
(D) pressure its employees to contribute money to
maintain the company’s own union
(E) use its resources to prevent the passage of federal
legislation that would have facilitated the formation
of independent unions.
信息题
112. The passage supplies information concerning which of
the following matters related to Randolph?
(A) The steps he took to initiate the founding of the
Brotherhood
(B) His motivation for bringing the Brotherhood into the
American Federation of Labor
(C) The influence he had on the passage of legislation
overturning race restrictions in 1944
(D) The influence he had on the passage of legislation to
bar companies from financing their own unions
(E) The success he and the Brotherhood had in
influencing the policies of the other unions in the
American Federation of Labor

babyboy

Passage 18
When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year
battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company, the
largest private employer of Black people in the United
(5) States and the company that controlled the railroad
industry’s sleeping car and parlor service. In 1935  the
Brotherhood became the first Black union recognized by a
major corporation. Randolph’s efforts in the battle helped
transform the attitude of Black workers toward unions and
(10) toward themselves as an identifiable group; eventually,
Randolph helped to weaken organized labor’s antagonism
toward Black workers.
In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable
obstacles. The first  was Black workers’ understandable
( 15) skepticism toward unions, which had historically barred
Black workers from membership. An additional obstacle
was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which
weakened support among Black workers for an
independent entity.
(20) The Brotherhood possessed a number of advantages,
however , including Randolph’s own tactical abilities. In
1928  he took the bold step of threatening a strike against
Pullman. Such a threat , on a national scale, under Black
leadership, helped replace the stereotype of the Black
(25)worker as servant with the image of the Black worker as
wage earner. In addition , the porters’ very isolation aided
the Brotherhood. Porters were scattered throughout the
country, sleeping in dormitories in Black communities;
their segregated life protected the union’s internal
(30) communications from interception. That the porters were a
homogeneous group working for a single employer with
single labor policy, thus sharing the same grievances from
city to city, also strengthened the Brotherhood and encour-
aged racial identity and solidarity as well. But  it was only
(35) in the early 1930’s  that federal legislation prohibiting a
company from maintaining its own unions with company
money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become
recognized as the porters’ representative.
Not content with this triumph, Randolph brought the
(40)Brotherhood into the American Federation of Labor, where
it became the equal of the Federation’s 105 other unions.
He reasoned that as a member union, the Brotherhood
would be in a better position to exert pressure on member
unions that practiced race restrictions. Such restrictions
were eventually found unconstitutional in 1944.

babyboy

Passage 16
Traditionally, the first firm to commercialize a new
technology has benefited from the unique opportunity to
shape product definitions, forcing followers to adapt to a
standard or invest in an unproven alternative. Today, how-
( 5) ever, the largest payoffs may go to companies that lead in
developing integrated approaches for successful mass
production and distribution.
Producers of the Beta format for videocassette recorders
(VCR’s), for example, were first to develop the VCR com-
(10) mercially in 1975, but producers of the rival VHS (Video
Home System) format proved to be more successful at
forming strategic alliances with other producers and
distributors to manufacture and market their VCR format
Seeking to maintain exclusive control over VCR distri-
(15) bution. Beta producers were reluctant to form such alli-
ances and eventually lost ground to VHS in the compe-
tition for the global VCR market.
Despite Beta’s substantial technological head start and
the fact that VHS was neither technically better nor cheaper
(20) than Beta, developers of VHS quickly turned a slight early
lead in sales into a dominant position. Strategic alignments
with producers of prerecorded tapes reinforced the VHS
advantage. The perception among consumers that prere-
corded tapes were more available in VHS format further
(25) expanded VHS’s share of the market. By the end of the
1980’s. Beta was no longer in production.

95. The passage is primarily concerned with which of the
following?
(A) Evaluating two competing technologies
(B) Tracing the impact of a new technology by narrating
a sequence of events
(C) Reinterpreting an event from contemporary business
history
(D) illustrating a business strategy by means of a case
history
(E) Proposing an innovative approach to business
planning

96. According to the passage, today’s successful firms,
unlike successful firms in the past, may earn the greatest
profits by
(A) investing in research to produce cheaper versions of
existing technology
(B) being the first to market a competing technology
(C) adapting rapidly to a technological standard
previously set by a competing firm
(D) establishing technological leadership in order to
shape product definitions in advance of competing
firms.
(E) emphasizing the development of methods for the
mass production and distribution of a new technology.

97. According to the passage, consumers began to develop a
preference for VCR’s in the VHS format because they
believed which of the following?
(A) VCR’s in the VHS format were technically better
than competing-format VCR’s.
(B) VCR’s in the VHS format were less expensive than
competing-format VCR’s.
(C) VHS was the first standard format for VCR’s.
(D) VHS prerecorded videotapes were more available
than Beta-format tapes.
(E) VCR’s in the Beta format would soon cease to be
produced.

98. The author implies that one way that VHS producers
won control over the VCR market was by
(A) carefully restricting access to VCR technology
(B) giving up a slight early lead in VCR sales in order to
improve long-term prospects.
(C) retaining a strict monopoly on the production of
prerecorded videotapes.
(D) sharing control of the marketing of VHS-format
VCR’s
(E) sacrificing technological superiority over Betaformat
VCR’s in order to remain competitive in price.
99. The alignment of producers of VHS-format VCR’s with
producers of prerecorded videotapes is most similar to
which of the following?
(A) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with
another automobile manufacturer to adopt a
standard design for automobile engines.
(B) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with
an automotive glass company whereby the
manufacturer agrees to purchase automobile
windshields only from that one glass company
(C) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with a
petroleum company to ensure the widespread
availability of the fuel required by a new type of
engine developed by the manufacturer.
(D) The alignment of an automobile manufacturer with
its dealers to adopt a plan to improve automobile
design.
(E) The alignment of an automobile dealer with an
automobile rental chain to adopt a strategy for an
advertising campaign to promote a new type of
automobile

100. Which of the following best describes the relation of the
first paragraph to the passage as a whole?
(A) It makes a general observation to be exemplified.
(B) It outlines a process to be analyzed.
(C) It poses a question to be answered.
(D) It advances an argument to be disputed.
(E) It introduces conflicting arguments to be reconciled.

babyboy

Passage 2
Archaeology as a profession faces two major prob-
lems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry
sums are available for excavating and even less is avail-
able for publishing the results and preserving the sites
(5) once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless
objects every day. Second, there is the problem of illegal
excavation, resulting in museum-quality pieces being
sold to the highest bidder.
I would like to make an outrageous suggestion that
(10) would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and
reduce the amount of illegal digging. I would propose
that scientific archeological expeditions and govern-
mental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open
market. Such sales would provide substantial funds for
(15) the excavation and preservation of archaeological sites
and the publication of results. At the same time, they
would break the illegal excavator’s grip on the market,
thereby decreasing the inducement to engage in illegal
activities.
(20) You might object that professionals excavate to
acquire knowledge, not money. Moreover, ancient arti-
facts are part of our global cultural heritage, which
should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the
highest bidder. I agree. Sell nothing that has unique
(25) artistic merit or scientific value. But, you might reply,
everything that comes our of the ground has scientific
value. Here we part company. Theoretically, you may be
correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scien-
tific value. Practically, you are wrong.
(30) I refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient
lamps that are essentially duplicates of one another. In
one small excavation in Cyprus, archaeologists recently
uncovered 2,000 virtually indistinguishable small jugs in
a single courtyard, Even precious royal seal impressions
(35) known as/melekh handles have been found in abun-
dance---more than 4,000 examples so far.
The basements of museums are simply not large
enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discov-
ered in the future. There is not enough money even to
(40) catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found
again and become as inaccessible as if they had never
been discovered. Indeed, with the help of a computer,
sold artifacts could be more accessible than are the
pieces stored in bulging museum basements. Prior to
(45) sale, each could be photographed and the list of the
purchasers could be maintained on the computer A
purchaser could even be required to agree to return the
piece if it should become needed for scientific purposes.
It would be unrealistic to suggest that illegal digging
(50) would stop if artifacts were sold on the open market.
But the demand for the clandestine product would be
substantially reduced. Who would want an unmarked
pot when another was available whose provenance was
known, and that was dated stratigraphically by the
professional archaeologist who excavated it?

7. The primary purpose of the passage is to propose
(A) an alternative to museum display of artifacts
(B) a way to curb illegal digging while benefiting the archaeological profession
(C) a way to distinguish artifacts with scientific value from those that have no such value
(D) the governmental regulation of archaeological sites
(E) a new system for cataloguing duplicate artifacts

8. The author implies that all of the following statements about duplicate artifacts are true EXCEPT:
(A) A market for such artifacts already exists.
(B) Such artifacts seldom have scientific value.
(C) There is likely to be a continuing supply of such artifacts.
(D) Museums are well supplied with examples of such artifacts.
(E) Such artifacts frequently exceed in quality those already catalogued in museum collections.

9. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a disadvantage of storing artifacts in museum basements?
(A) Museum officials rarely allow scholars access to such artifacts.
(B) Space that could be better used for display is taken up for storage.
(C) Artifacts discovered in one excavation often become separated from each other.
(D) Such artifacts are often damaged by variations in temperature and humidity.
(E) Such artifacts’ often remain uncatalogued and thus cannot be located once they are put in storage.

10. The author mentions the excavation in Cyprus (lines 31-34) to emphasize which of the following points?
(A) Ancient lamps and pottery vessels are less valuable, although more rare, than royal seal impressions.
(B) Artifacts that are very similar to each other present cataloguing difficulties to archaeologists.
(C) Artifacts that are not uniquely valuable, and therefore could be sold, are available in large quantities.
(D) Cyprus is the most important location for unearthing large quantities of salable artifacts.
(E) Illegal sales of duplicate artifacts are wide-spread, particularly on the island of Cyprus.

11. The author’s argument concerning the effect of the official sale of duplicate artifacts on illegal excavation is
based on which of the following assumptions?
(A) Prospective purchasers would prefer to buy authenticated artifacts.
(B) The price of illegally excavated artifacts would rise.
(C) Computers could be used to trace sold artifacts.
(D) Illegal excavators would be forced to sell only duplicate artifacts.
(E) Money gained from selling authenticated artifacts could be used to investigate and prosecute illegal excavators.

12. The author anticipates which of the following initial objections to the adoption of his proposal?
(A) Museum officials will become unwilling to store artifacts.
(B) An oversupply of salable artifacts will result and the demand for them will fall.
(C) Artifacts that would have been displayed in public places will be sold to private collectors.
(D) Illegal excavators will have an even larger supply of artifacts for resale.
(E) Counterfeiting of artifacts will become more commonplace.

babyboy

自然科学——环境
结论解释型
逻辑简图：。。。法案已经达到了短期目标：1。。。2。。。如果法案严格执行的话臭氧破坏情况会大大改善。但是这里有许多违背法案的地方，尤其是对CFC的释放。这些释放反映了工业态度：他们不相信CFC的破坏力，同时他们不愿意支付CFC的代替物。因此CFC的黑市产生。。。

信息题：
283. According to the passage, which of the following best describes most ozone-depleting
chemicals in 1996 as compared to those in 1987?
(A) The levels of such chemcials in the atmosphere had decreased.
(B) The number of such chemcials that reached the atmosphere had declined.
(C) The amounts of such chemcials released had increased but the amounts that reached the
atmosphere had decreased.
(D) The rate of increase in amounts of such chemicals reaching the atmosphere had
decreased.
(E) The rate at which such chemicals were being reduced in the atmoshphere had slowed.

错题/信息题：推断题
284. The author of the passage compares the smuggling of CFC’s to the illicit drug trade most
likely for which of the following reasons?
(A) To qualify a previous claim
(B) To emphasize the extent of a problem
(C) To provide an explanation for an earlier assertion
(D) To suggest that the illicit CFC trade, likely the illicit drug trade, will continue to increase
(E) To suggest that the consequences of a relatively little-knows problem are as serious as
those of a well-known one

信息题：
285. The passage suggests which of the following about the illicit trade in CFC’s?
(A) It would cease if manufacturers in India and China stopped producing CFC’s.
(B) Most people who participate in such trade do not believe that CFC’s deplete the ozone
layer.
(C) It will probably surpass illicit drugs as the largest contraband problem faced by the United
States Custom Services.
(D) It is fostered by people who do not want to pay the price of CFC substitutes.
(E) It has grown primarily because of the expansion of the refrigenration, heating, and
air-conditioning industries in foreign countries.

43 A 05:27
44 E 02:55
45 E 02:10
46 E 00:41
47 C 02:11
48 D 00:29


55 B 03:38
56 D 00:56
57 E 00:48
58 D 00:55
59 D 01:35
60 B 02:10

190 D 05:51
191 C 01:41
192 E 00:50
193 C 01:24
194 E 01:36
195 D 01:57
196 C 00:44
197 C 01:08


283 D 03:41
284 E 00:34
285D 01:03

错误率21%
超时率 21%
总时间没有超时

babyboy

Passage 48
(The following is based on material written in 1996.)
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, signed in 1987 by more than
150 nations, has attained its short-term goals:  it has decreased the rate of increase in amounts of
most ozone-depleting chemicals reaching the atmosphere and has even reduced the atmospheric
levels of some of them. The projection that the ozone layer will substantially recover from ozone
depletion by 2050 is based on the assumption that the protocol’s regulations will be strictly
followed. Yet  there is considerable evidence of violations, particularly in the form of the release of
ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s), which are commonly used in the refrigeration,
heating, and air conditioning industries. These violation reflect industry attitudes; for example , in
the United States, 48 percents of respondents in a recent survey of subscribers to Air Conditioning,
Heating, and Refrigeration News, and industry trade journal, said that they did not believe that
CFC’s damage the ozone layer. Moreover , some in the industry apparently do not want to pay for
CFC substitutes, which can run five times the cost of CFC’s. Consequently , a black market in
imported illicit CFC’s has grown. Estimates of the contraband CFC trade range from 10,000 to
22,000 tons a year, with most of the CFC’s originating in India and China, whose agreements
under the Protocol still allow them to produce CFC’s. In fact, the United States Customs Service
reports that CFC-12 is a contraband problem second only to illicit drugs.

illicit [i'lisit] adj. 违法的；不正当的
deplete [di'pli:t] vt. 耗尽，用尽；使衰竭，使空虚
protocol ['prəutəkɔl] n. 协议；草案；礼仪vt. 拟定vi. 拟定

babyboy

disregard [disri'ɡɑ:d] vt. 忽视；不理；漠视；不顾 n. 忽视；不尊重
femininity [femi'niniti] n. 温柔；柔弱性；女子本性
hoary ['hɔ:ri] adj. 灰白的；久远的，古老的
purview ['pə:vju:] n. 范围，权限；视界；条款
commensurate [kə'menʃərit] adj. 相称的；同量的；同样大小的
beckon ['bekən] vt. 召唤；吸引vi. （招手或点头）示意；吸引n. 表召唤的点头；手势
persistence [pə'sistəns, -'zis-] n. 持续；存留；固执
社会现象——妇女
现象解释型
逻辑简图：第一段：研究妇女劳动力的历史学家忽视了服务业，重视工厂工作，原因有二：一、工厂的工作与家务不同，二、工厂的工作没有性别歧视证实了妇女革命的效果。但是，即使在工厂劳动力中，性别歧视仍然存在。
第二段：为了解释这种妇女革命未成功现象，科学家强调现在对妇女的理解往往决定了工作的类型，举例子纺织业
第三段：20世纪这种现象仍然存在…

错题/信息题：
190. According to the passage, job segregation by sex in the United States was
(A) greatly diminished by labor mobilization during the Second World War反
(B) perpetuated by those textile-mill owners who argued in favor of women’s employment in wage labor
(C) one means by which women achieved greater job security
(D) reluctantly challenged by employers except when the economic advantages were obvious无
原文说即使利润很高时，雇主对改变态度仍没有兴趣
(E) a constant source of labor unrest in the young textile industry无

信息题：定位第一段原因
191. According to the passage, historians of women’s labor focused on factory work as a more promising area of
research than service-sector work because factory work
(A) involved the payment of higher wages
(B) required skill in detailed tasks
(C) was assumed to be less characterized by sex segregation（gender-blind同义转换）
(D) was more readily accepted by women than by men
(E) fitted the economic dynamic of industrialism better

信息题：定位第一段原因之一
192. It can be inferred from the passage that early historians of women’s labor in the United States paid little
attention to women’s employment in the service sector of the economy because
(A) the extreme variety of these occupations made it very difficult to assemble meaningful statistics about them
(B) fewer women found employment in the service sector than in factory work
(C) the wages paid to workers in the service sector were much lower than those paid in the industrial sector
(D) women’s employment in the service sector tended to be much more short-term than in factory work
(E) employment in the service sector seemed to have much in common with the unpaid work associated with
Homemaking

信息题：定位第二段例子
193. The passage supports which of the following statements about the early mill owners mentioned in the second
paragraph?
(A) They hoped that by creating relatively unattractive “female” jobs they would discourage women from losing
interest in marriage and family life.
(B) They sought to increase the size of the available labor force as a means to keep men’s to keep men’s wages
low.
280
(C) They argued that women were inherently suited to do well in particular kinds of factory work.
(D) They thought that factory work bettered the
condition of women by emancipating them from
dependence on income earned by men.
(E) They felt guilty about disturbing the traditional
division of labor in family.


信息题：指代
194. It can be inferred from the passage that the “unfinished revolution” the author mentions in line 13 refers to the
(A) entry of women into the industrial labor market
(B) recognition that work done by women as homemakers should be compensated at rates comparable to those
prevailing in the service sector of the economy
(C) development of a new definition of femininity unrelated to the economic forces of industrialism
(D) introduction of equal pay for equal work in all professions
(E) emancipation of women wage earners from gender-determined job allocation

错题/信息题
195. The passage supports which of the following statements about hiring policies in the United States?
(A) After a crisis many formerly “male” jobs are reclassified as “female” jobs.反
(B) Industrial employers generally prefer to hire women with previous experience as homemakers.无
(C) Post-Second World War hiring policies caused women to lose many of their wartime gains in employment
opportunity.
(D) Even war industries during the Second World War were reluctant to hire women for factory work.无
(E) The service sector of the economy has proved more nearly gender-blind in its hiring policies than has the
manufacturing sector.反

作者态度题
196. Which of the following words best expresses the opinion of the author of the passage concerning the notion that
women are more skillful than men in carrying out detailed tasks?
(A) “patient” (line 21)
(B) “repetitive” (line 21)
(C) “hoary” (line 22)
(D) “homemaking” (line 23)
(E) “purview” (line 24)

错题/段落作用题：
197. Which of the following best describes the relationship of the final paragraph to the passage as a whole?
(A) The central idea is reinforced by the citation of evidence drawn from twentieth-century history.
(B) The central idea is restated in such a way as to form a transition to a new topic for discussion.
(C) The central idea is restated and juxtaposed with evidence that might appear to contradic it.
(D) A partial exception to the generalizations of the central idea is dismissed as unimportant.
(E) Recent history is cited to suggest that the central idea’s validity is gradually diminishing.

babyboy

55. The passage is chiefly concerned with
(A) arguing against the increased internationalization of United States corporations
(B) warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequences
(C) demonstrating that foreign-based firms receive more subsidies from their governments than United States firms
receive from the United States government
(D) advocating the use of trade restrictions for “dumped” products but not for other imports
(E) recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices

56. It can be inferred from the passage that the minimal basis for a complaint to the International Trade Commission is which
of the following?
(A) A foreign competitor has received a subsidy from a foreign government.
(B) A foreign competitor has substantially increased the volume of products shipped to the United States.
(C) A foreign competitor is selling products in the United States at less than fair market value.
(D) The company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the United States.
(E) The company requesting import relief has been barred from exporting products to the country of its foreign competitor.

57. The last paragraph performs which of the following functions in the passage?
(A) It summarizes the discussion thus far and suggests additional areas of research.
(B) It presents a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.
(C) It discusses an exceptional case in which the results expected by the author of the passage were not obtained.
(D) It introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.
(E) It cites a specific case that illustrates a problem presented more generally in the previous paragraph.

58. The passage warns of which of the following dangers?
(A) Companies in the United States may receive no protection from imports unless they actively seek protection from import competition.
(B) Companies that seek legal protection from import competition may incur legal costs that far exceed any possible gain.
(C) Companies that are United States-owned but operate internationally may not be eligible for protection from import competition under the laws of the countries in which their plants operate.
(D) Companies that are not United States-owned may seek legal protection from import competition under United States import relief laws.
(E) Companies in the United States that import raw materials may have to pay duties on those materials.

59. The passage suggests that which of the following is most likely to be true of United States trade laws?
(A) They will eliminate the practice of “dumping” products in the United States.
(B) They will enable manufacturers in the United States to compete more profitably outside the United States.
(C) They will affect United States trade with Canada more negatively than trade with other nations.
(D) Those that help one unit within a parent company will not necessarily help other units in the company.
(E) Those that are applied to international companies will accomplish their intended result.

60. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following about the complaint mentioned in the last paragraph?
(A) The ITC acted unfairly toward the complainant in its investigation.
(B) The complaint violated the intent of import relief laws.
(C) The response of the ITC to the complaint provided suitable relief from unfair trade practices to the complainant.
(D) The ITC did not have access to appropriate information concerning the case.
(E) Each of the companies involved in the complaint acted in its own best interest.