语法：分词和不定式练习中的问题

anita_tian

提一些可能是很简单的问题，请老师别见笑，而且很多，老师辛苦了！

By a vote of 9 to 0, the Supreme Court awarded the Central Intelligence Agency broad discretionary powers enabling it to withhold from the public the identities of its sources of intelligence information.
(A) enabling it to withhold from the public
(B) for it to withhold from the public
(C) for withholding disclosure to the public of
(D) that enable them to withhold from public disclosure
(E) that they can withhold public disclosure of
answer: A



Believed to originate from a small area on their foreheads, elephants emit low-frequency sounds that may be used as a "secret language" to communicate with other members of the herd.
(A)
(B) Elephants emit low-frequency sounds that are believed to originate from a small area on their foreheads, and they, may use this
(C) Elephants emit low-frequency sounds, believed to orginate from a small area on their foreheads, that they may use
(D) Originating, it is believed, from a small area on their foreheads; eleplants emit low-frequency sounds they may use
(E) Originating, it is believed, from a small area, on their foreheads, low-frequency sounds are emitted by elephants that may be used
answer: C


The department defines a private passenger vehicle as one registered to an individual with a gros weight of less than 8,000 pounds.
(A)
(B) to be one that is registered to an individual with a gross weight of less than 8,000 pounds
(C) as one that is registered to an individual and that has a gross weight of less than 8,000 pounds
(D) to have a gross weight less than 8,000 pounds and being registered to an individual
(E) as having a gross weight of less than 8,000 pounds and registered to an individual
answer: C


There is a growing demand in the state for "initiative and referendum," a procedure that allows voters to propose and pass laws, as well as to repeal them.
(A)
(B) allows voters to propose, pass, and to repeal laws
(C) allows voters to propose, to pass, and repeal laws
(D) will allow the voter to propose, pass as well as to repeal laws
(E) will allow laws to be proposed, passed, as well as repealed by voters
answer: A

robbie523

虽然你放了很多题， 我还是给你的题目加上名字吧， 先回答你的第三题， 叫做大象题， 第一题中央情报局我不会， 所以先不说， 呵呵呵！

 

A肯定不对， Believed的主语不是elephant而是low frequency sound,    搜先排除B, E,      

B里面最后and they, may use this.   还有这个this是指什么呢， low sound还是fore head呢？ E里面的倒装加上两个介词开都的短语， 中间连个连词都没有！

B, E绝对不对！
D的错误和B一样，it is指代不清， 然后而且把大象的额头， 这个连贯的句子拆成了两个句子， 很有问题！

robbie523

第二题， 私人注册汽车:

 

这题是考平行， A里面的or(或者)用的毫无理由， 前面没看到一点比较或者概述的语气，

D里面的 To have sth and being + adj, 一个名词和一个形容词无法平行！ 

E having.....and registered..... 时态不平行

 

剩下B和C比较  B的and they may use this, 这个实在是指代模糊， this是forehead还是low frequency sound啊? 不想C， 加了个that， 完全就近修饰forehead， 很清晰， 平行也挺好， 虽然一个是is, 一个事has, 至少有两个that在前面

robbie523

第四题： 投票立法

也是靠平行

B, C, D， and 前面后面的to, 如果第一个动词有to, 后面的可以省， 可以不省， 但是省就要全省， 不能一个省一个不省， 如果第一个没有to, 那后面的都不可以有了！

 

E里面的allows voters to repeal是对的, 但是allow voter to replea by voters是不必要的！至于将来时好像没有什么问题！

 

主要是简单的平行， A里面多加了一个as well as, 其实和多加两个and没有去别！

 

在这里班门弄斧，呵呵呵，但做练习，请大家纠正， 这样也对学习有帮助嘛。呵呵呵

anita_tian

 谢谢，有些明白点了，有些还是不太明白。
不过第一题看过你发的链接我倒是有点明白了。

James

QUOTE:

By a vote of 9 to 0, the Supreme Court awarded the Central Intelligence Agency broad discretionary powers enabling it to withhold from the public the identities of its sources of intelligence information.
(A) enabling it to withhold from the public
(B) for it to withhold from the public
(C) for withholding disclosure to the public of
(D) that enable them to withhold from public disclosure
(E) that they can withhold public disclosure of
answer: A

这个题目是一个伴随过程状语的题目

意思是最高法院给CIA独立的权利，使他可以不用公开信息来源

B 里面的enable这个实意动词没有了，所以句子意思发生了改变

DE里面的them和they都有问题 只能指代前面的powers 和句子的逻辑意思不符

C里用的for withholding 直接把它变成了一个目的状语，并且withholding的主语语法上指SC而不是CIA，意思也改变

所以A最好：）

James

QUOTE:

Believed to originate from a small area on their foreheads, elephants emit low-frequency sounds that may be used as a "secret language" to communicate with other members of the herd.
(A)
(B) Elephants emit low-frequency sounds that are believed to originate from a small area on their foreheads, and they, may use this
(C) Elephants emit low-frequency sounds, believed to orginate from a small area on their foreheads, that they may use
(D) Originating, it is believed, from a small area on their foreheads; eleplants emit low-frequency sounds they may use
(E) Originating, it is believed, from a small area, on their foreheads, low-frequency sounds are emitted by elephants that may be used
answer: C

这个题目Robbie说的不错啊：）

A  Believed过去分词作状语，如果将主句主语elephants带入的话 意思就是 大象被认为是其原欲它们额头的一个什么地方，这个不对

B  this很奇怪，this只能指代前面的单数名词a small area 但事实上应该指代low-frequency sounds. 而且通常情况下GMAT中不使用this 单独指代

D 和A的错误类似 elephant作为 orignate的主语 意思不对

E that从句就近作elephant的定语 大象不是语言..

James

QUOTE:

以下是引用robbie523在2009-8-17 17:39:00的发言：

第四题： 投票立法

也是靠平行

B, C, D， and 前面后面的to, 如果第一个动词有to, 后面的可以省， 可以不省， 但是省就要全省， 不能一个省一个不省， 如果第一个没有to, 那后面的都不可以有了！

 

E里面的allows voters to repeal是对的, 但是allow voter to replea by voters是不必要的！至于将来时好像没有什么问题！

 

主要是简单的平行， A里面多加了一个as well as, 其实和多加两个and没有去别！

 

在这里班门弄斧，呵呵呵，但做练习，请大家纠正， 这样也对学习有帮助嘛。呵呵呵

哈哈 robbie 你小子答题还不错嘛：） 赶紧考个800 然后回来帮忙 哈哈

James

QUOTE:

The department defines a private passenger vehicle as one registered to an individual with a gros weight of less than 8,000 pounds.
(A)
(B) to be one that is registered to an individual with a gross weight of less than 8,000 pounds
(C) as one that is registered to an individual and that has a gross weight of less than 8,000 pounds
(D) to have a gross weight less than 8,000 pounds and being registered to an individual
(E) as having a gross weight of less than 8,000 pounds and registered to an individual
answer: C

AB里面with 介词短语直接修饰individual 所有存在歧义“一个人的体重少于8,000” 但是实际上with 应该修饰one

D里面define sth to do是部队的

E define as doing也不符合实际表达，我们在第一次课讲as的时候就说到过 define这个词的用法 就是 define sth. as sth.

James

QUOTE:

There is a growing demand in the state for "initiative and referendum," a procedure that allows voters to propose and pass laws, as well as to repeal them.
(A)
(B) allows voters to propose, pass, and to repeal laws
(C) allows voters to propose, to pass, and repeal laws
(D) will allow the voter to propose, pass as well as to repeal laws
(E) will allow laws to be proposed, passed, as well as repealed by voters
answer: A

这个题目是一个很有意思的并列结构的题目

DE的错误很明显 不多说了 没必要用将来时 更没必要用被动

 

ABC里面实际上就是并列的to的问题 如果是普通的并列 除了第一个to不能省略  后面的都可以省（后面的应该是要么全省  要么全不省）

这里的核心是要看到底什么跟什么并列

A 里面 propose和pass小并列 然后整个在和 repeal大并列 所以pass省to 另外两个不省 没问题

B里面三个都并列 省中间那个就不行了

C 同样 只省后面那个也不行

看这种并列 关键是看连词

 

呵呵  多说一句 如果最后说的是 to propose, and to pass laws as well as repeal them 这么说也是可以的：）