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文言文 Golden & penglili (新增V5-V7) 已确认
V1
(长)1960-1970年文献记载的美国妇女经济地位为什么低?一个原因是Law把married的财产归到男人的名下(注意:这里有个考点) tax law能反映这一点
后面全在说一个女历史学家认为tax law怎么怎么反映
读仔细有2-3个考点呢
V2
关于十九世纪美国妇女的财产权的长文,大概有两片短文的长度。讲状况及一些学者的评论。
第一段:概括某一新法案M实施前的状况,在common law的情况下,妇女结婚后财产就归丈夫所有了。此时丈夫对妻子的财产有很大的支配权利。妇女只有通过一个似乎叫equity court的机构才有可能得到对自己财产的权利。有一题是关于婚后财产是归老公支配的。
第二段是讲十九世纪中期,因为husbands担心破产会连带将妻子的财产也失去,于是出来了一个新的法案。S的观点是这个法案极大的改变了妇女的status and 对自己结婚前后的财产的权利。
第二段:讲十九世纪中期,因为husbands担心破产会连带将妻子的财产也失去,于是出来了一个新的法案。S的观点是这个法案极大的改变了妇女的status and 对自己结婚前后的财产的权利。
第三段第一句话是某人B的观点,是他认为在M实施前已经有remedy可以达到保护妇女财产的作用了。然后是S继续反对B的观点。 说以前的equity court在不同的州开展的情况不一样。ie 。Connectic 和 Mass 州。
V3
第一段:是说美国在以前的某个时期,妇女结婚后财产就归丈夫所有了。
第二段:讲从某个时期起,不少州开始立法保护已婚妇女的财产权。(注意:说的是银行大批倒闭的时期,不少丈夫破产把妻子的财产也陪进去了,这个在后面的题里面考了这些州立法的原因是什么。)还讲了一个具体的法律(这个法律是什么年代,在后面也是考点)。
第三段:讲了不同学者间的评价。忘了讲了2个人还?个。但是考了两个人,第一个人认为法律的转变起到了积极作用。第二个人认为并没有起到什么作用,举了好多例子:很多州,像康涅狄可州,和很多传统保守实力,反对这种社会、法律发展的趋势。(后面有道题考这些法律你能infer出什么,我选了not universal in all states,我觉得universal这个改写还可以。反正请大家读的时候,注意这种法律变化有什么社会影响,该怎么评价)最后一句话,讲了有些人愿意接受这种法律,也是为了破产的丈夫把财产转移给妻子,赖债权人的钱。除了上述出题点,还有主旨题:我认为应该选提到了“讲述社会变化,对比学者观点”的那个选项,事实上,文章的重心是在第二个学者的言论,应该属于present观点的文章,一定要突出这个。里面还有一题,是说N的实施并不普遍,并且对它的接受不大好。
V4
Married women's property rights and their social status.
Saying in the 18 and early 19 century, common laws dictated that when a woman is married, her husband takes over all her properties. The man had control the right to use the woman's properties while she lived and became the owner of the properties upon the woman's death. Only one thing can prevent this from happening, something like "pre-marriage settlement"
Then..some law about women's right of property was finally established!! then blah blah blah, how good the law was and things like that. Then, a scholar named Sammas? said this law substantially changed women's status.
BUT, another scholar named Beard? disagreed with Sammas and said the effects of this new law was overstated because before this new law was established, there always existed "equity court" that serve the same purpose.
BUT, a third scholar named Salmon came out to challenge Beard. Salmon said equitty court can't do much because most states were very hostile against equity court and in the cases where the court gave women the right of properties, some were attempts made by men to transfer all properties to their women to avoid consequences of bankruptcy.
题目有...
1. purpose of the passage
answer should be to cronicle laws regarding women's right of properties and examine the implication to women's status.
2. inferred from the passage, what would Beard mostly likely think of equity court
answer should be it substantially improve women's status
3.问2段作用
4.问最后一段的最后一句的句子作用是什么 |
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