求GMAT逻辑中“划线部分在文章中的作用”题型的方法

Loli

如何做“划线部分在文章中的作用”这种题呢？个人觉得第一步，也是最重要的一步就是找到“结论”。只有知道什么是“结论，conclusion”，才能知道划线句子是support还是identity还是provide。我的问题来了，就是我不知道该如何找到文章中的结论。下面是我从og12找的一些题，能通过这些题，帮忙解决一下我的这个问题（如何确定文章的结论）吗？

97 Delta products, Inc., has recently switched at least partly from older technologies using fossil fuels to new technologies powered by electricity. The question has been raised whether it can be concluded that for a given level of output, Delta’s operation now causes less fossil fuel to be consumed than it did formerly.  The answer, clearly, is yes, since the amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less than the amount needed to power the older technologies, provided that the level of output is held constant.

In the argument given, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?

A.The first identifies the content of the conclusion of the argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.

B.The first provides support for the conclusion of the argument; the second identifies the content of that conclusion.

C.The first states the position that the argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the argument.

D.Each provides evidence that calls the conclusion of the argument into question.

E.Each provides support for the conclusion of the argument.

答案是b

Loli

89．Since it has become known that several of a bank's ' top executives have been buying shares in their own bank, the bank's depositors, who had been worried by rumors that the bank faced-impending financial collapse, have been greatly relieved. They reason that, since top executives evidently have faith in the bank's financial soundness, those worrisome rumors must be false. Such reasoning might well be overoptimistic, however, since corporate executives have been known to buy shares in their own company in a calculated attempt to dispel negative rumors about the company's health.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?
(A) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second gives a reason for questioning that support.
(B) The first describes evidence that has been taken as supporting a conclusion; the second states a contrary conclusion that is the main conclusion of the argument.
(C) The first provides evidence in support of the main conclusion of the argument; the second states that conclusion.
(D) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second gives the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.
(E) The first describes the circumstance that the argument as a whole seeks to explain; the second provides evidence in support of the explanation that the argument seeks to establish.

答案是a

myice

对结构题，还是需要逐句判断作用

首先提出事实bank's ' top executives have been buying shares in their own bank（黑体字1）
然后根据该事实提出一个态度：。。。relieve，也可称为一个中间结论
接着分析这个态度的原因：也可称为对这个中间结论的支持
然后很明显的用however的转折提出新结论：上述中间结论太乐观了（这是最终结论）
最好用since开头的句子对这个最终结论进行说明（黑体字2）

所以：第一处黑体字被提出来是用来支持中间结论的，而第二处是支持最终结论的（也就是对中间结论提出质疑的），所以A说第二处黑体字是对第一处的支持提出质疑也是正确的

myice

QUOTE:

以下是引用Loli在2010-3-12 17:10:00的发言：
如何做“划线部分在文章中的作用”这种题呢？个人觉得第一步，也是最重要的一步就是找到“结论”。只有知道什么是“结论，conclusion”，才能知道划线句子是support还是identity还是provide。我的问题来了，就是我不知道该如何找到文章中的结论。下面是我从og12找的一些题，能通过这些题，帮忙解决一下我的这个问题（如何确定文章的结论）吗？

97 Delta products, Inc., has recently switched at least partly from older technologies using fossil fuels to new technologies powered by electricity. The question has been raised whether it can be concluded that for a given level of output, Delta’s operation now causes less fossil fuel to be consumed than it did formerly.  The answer, clearly, is yes, since the amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less than the amount needed to power the older technologies, provided that the level of output is held constant.

In the argument given, the two boldface portions play which of the following roles?

A.The first identifies the content of the conclusion of the argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.

B.The first provides support for the conclusion of the argument; the second identifies the content of that conclusion.

C.The first states the position that the argument opposes; the second states the conclusion of the argument.

D.Each provides evidence that calls the conclusion of the argument into question.

E.Each provides support for the conclusion of the argument.

答案是b

 

我们通常称这类“划线部分在文章中的作用”的题目为“结构”题。它通常考察的是一个论述过程各个结构组成部分作用的认知和辨别，也就是说不仅要分析出文章说了什么，还要知道是通过什么结构的论证把这个问题说清楚的（基本需要弄清楚文章中出现过几个观点，有那些论据支持或反对这些观点，作者的态度是怎样的等问题），当然楼主所说的结论也是必须弄清楚的问题之一。

以这道题为例：
文章首先列出一个事实（第１句，黑体字１）
然后在这个事实的基础上提出一个问题（第２句）
接着对这个问题进行回答（第３句前半部分）
最后为给回答提出事实支持（第３句后半句，黑体字２）
其中，对问题的回答（第３句前半部分）是文章的结论，由于第１句列出的是该结论所依赖的事实，而第３句后半句是对结论提出的事实支持
因此本题的答案应该是Ｅ：两处黑体字都是对结论提供支持

thumbwings

 有道理

myice

顶一下