og_11_023/ og_10_043
43. With the emergence of biotechnology companies, it was feared that they would impose silence about proprietary（所有权的） results on their in–house researchers and their academic consultants. This constraint, in turn, would slow the development of biological science and engineering. —>结论：保密会减慢生物科学的发展
Which of the following, if true, would tend to weaken most seriously the prediction of scientific secrecy described above?
A. Biotechnological research funded by industry has reached some conclusions that are of major scientific importance. —>加强结论：如果确实“被认定会保密”，有重大发现当然会阻碍科学发展。削弱要从“这种认为不会出现”入手，A没有提供理由来证实“这种认识不会出现”，属于路线型错误
B. When the results of scientific research are kept secret, independent researchers are unable to build on those results. —>同A，强调保密会阻碍科学发展
C. Since the research priorities of biotechnology companies are not the same as those of academic institutions, the financial support of research by such companies distorts the research agenda. —>议程受资金的影响发生改变与保密无关
D. To enhance the companies’ standing in the scientific community, the biotechnology companies encourage employees to publish their results, especially results that are important. —>这些公司的动机是要使自己成为行业领袖，因此鼓励公开专利，削弱前提
D
E. Biotechnology companies devote some of their research resources to problems that are of fundamental scientific importance and that are not expected to produce immediate practical applications. —>“没有立即的现实功用”与原文的“减慢发展速度”意思吻合，不削弱
39. Most archaeologists have held that people first reached the Americas less than 20,000 years ago by crossing a land bridge into North America. But recent discoveries of human shelters in South America dating from 32,000 years ago have led researchers to speculate that people arrived in South America first, after voyaging across the Pacific, and then spread northward.
Which of the following, if it were discovered, would be pertinent evidence against the speculation above?
A. A rock shelter near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, contains evidence of use by human beings 19,000 years ago. —>时间上与文章中的北美2万年以内不冲突
B. Some North American sites of human habitation predate any sites found in South America. 反对“arrive at South America first and then spread northward.”
C. The climate is warmer at the 32,000-year-old South American site than at the oldest known North American site. —>气候不能反驳结论
D. The site in South America that was occupied 32,000 years ago was continuously occupied until 6,000 years ago. —>占领的时间长短不能反驳结论
B
E. The last Ice Age, between 11,500 and 20,000 years ago, considerably lowered worldwide sea levels. —>同A
这两道题都是选项直接反对了前提,成为了正确答案,但是更多的题反对前提不是答案,到底如何判断到底是不是答案呢?
贴一个新东方蓝皮上的26题，这题反对前提的答案不是答案。。
Lawmaker: Rasing taxes is not the only means of reducing government debt. The government's stockpile of helium is worth 25 percent more, at current market prices, than the debt accumulated in acquiring and storing it. Therefore, by selling the helium, the government can not only pay off that debt but reduce its overall debt as well.
which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A The government has no current need for helium.这道题不选A的理由，上课的时候费费说是反对了前提，所以不选，我理解的是not + weaken，weaken既是： The government has current need for helium，所以不能卖，所以反对了前提。。
