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我觉得这个句子可以这么理解哈:
Because of the enormous research and development expenditures required to survive in the electronics industry, an industry marked by rapid innovation and volatile demand, such firms tend to be very large.
去掉同位语,为Because of the enormous research and development expenditures required to survive in the electronics industry, such firms tend to be very large.
由于Because of后面只能接名词,所以required to....和in the electronics industry....都是修饰enormous research and development expenditures,是定语,这个require和后面的firm没有关系;
那么R&D的花费是公司存货的要求,看到是required那么可以这么理解,expenditures is required of firm to survive. 然后就可以用楼上那些牛津的用法解释(eg.* It is required (of me) that I give evidence. 要求我提供证据. * Civil Servants are required to sign the Official Secrets Act. 公务员须签署遵守公务保密条例. ——这边的that I give evidence完全可以用to give envidence来改写)
全部这么理解:因为在(以快速创新和需求变化为标志的电子行业中,)需要大量R&D花费来使公司存活,因此这类公司往往是大公司。 |
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