GMAT——语法比较之总结完全版

pancake

1        主语比较        1
2        主语比较特殊形式        2
2.1        双重比较：（主语+状语 vs. 主语+状语，一般需要用those，that等）        2
2.2        整句比较        3
3        主语比较错误形式(不能用they/it，要用those/that)        4
4        谓语比较        5
5        状语比较        5
5.1        状语比较特殊形式        7
6        宾语比较        7
7        特殊比较（其实不是比较，看起来像而已）        7

下载链接：http://forum.topway.org/viewthread.php?tid=216309&extra=

pancake

7        特殊比较（其实不是比较，看起来像而已）

Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
Prep1-168
An international team of astronomers working at telescopes in the Canary Islands and Spain has detected at least 18 huge gas spheres estimated to have 5 to 15 times the mass of Jupiter, the solar system's largest planet.
GWD27-Q7:
environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice that emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.

According to the study, children spent an average of 12 hours, 5 minutes a week watching television last year, compared with 15 hours, 12 minutes in 1981.

Q18: GWD4-Q4
A new hair-growing drug is being sold for three times the price, per milligram, that the drug’s maker charges for another product with the same active ingredient.

pancake

6        宾语比较

Prep1-153
A recent United States Census Bureau report shows that there are more than three times as many households where the children and grandchildren are living in their grandparents' home as there are households where the grandparents are living in their children's or grandchildren's home.

Prep2-9
The Environmental Protection Agency frequently puts mandatory controls on toxic substances that present as little risk as one chance in a million of causing cancer.

24.        (25819-!-item-!-188;#058&002130)
Employment costs rose 2.8 percent in the 12 months that ended in September, slightly less than they did in the year that ended in the previous quarter.

28. GWD26-Q28 宾语比较
Traffic safety officials predict that drivers will be as likely to exceed the proposed speed limit as they are the current one.
The fitness program would serve more employees who are out of shape than it would employees who are fit.

pancake

5.1        状语比较特殊形式

Therefore, if servers in Pennsylvania regularly wrote “Thank you” on restaurant bills, their average income from tips would be significantly higher than it otherwise would have been.

Virtually all patrons of the Pennsylvania restaurants in the study who were given a bill with “Thank you” written on it left a larger tip than they otherwise would have.

If the group faces food scarcity, individuals in the group will reach reproductive maturity later than otherwise.

pancake

Not so much as
One of the primary distinctions between our intelligence and that of other primates may lie not so much in any specific skill as in our ability to extend knowledge gained in one context to new and different ones.
Q27:TT-GWD 2-30
Most insomnia is not an illness or a physical condition so much as a symptom of another problem that may simply be a reaction to certain medications, anxiety about travel, or stress before a job interview.

Prep2-40.        (26538-!-item-!-188;#058&003184)
According to one expert, the cause of genetic irregularities in many breeds of dog is not so much that dogs are being bred for looks or to meet other narrow criteria as that the breeds have relatively few founding members.

Not so much …as
Not …so much as

pancake

主谓省略
146.        (32521-!-item-!-188;#058&007141)
The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970's.
(E) extinction, now with numbers five times greater than （E不对，没有说明是谁的numbers）

GWD1-16
Soaring television costs accounted for more than half the spending in the presidential campaign of 1992, a greater proportion than (it was不对，不能用it，而且因为时态一致，可省。有时候用that，这里也是可以省略的) in any previous election.

55.        (27389-!-item-!-188;#058&003179)
Shipwrecks are more likely to be found undisturbed at great depths than in shallow coastal waters, where archaeological remains are exposed to turbulence and are accessible to anyone in scuba gear, whether archaeologist, treasure hunter, or sport diver.

106.        (30167-!-item-!-188;#058&004112)
Officials at the United States Mint believe that the Sacagawea dollar coin will be used as a substitute for four quarters more than for the dollar bill because it weighs only 8.1 grams, far less than four quarters, which weigh 5.67 grams each.

112.        (30491-!-item-!-188;#058&004240)
Though certain breeds of dog are renowned for their sense of smell, there is often a greater difference in scenting ability between two members of a single breed than between members of different breeds.


A do sth than usual/everbefore/people expected(这个属于主语比较特殊形式)
GWD-18-Q11
In no other historical sighting did Halley’s comet cause such a worldwide sensation as in its return of 1910-1911.
Prep2-100.        (29731-!-item-!-188;#058&004378)
Patience Lovell Wright, whose traveling waxworks exhibit preceded Madame Tussaud's work by 30 years, became as well known for her eccentric personality as for her skillful wax renderings of popular public figures. (well known as much for her eccentric personality as for her skillful wax renderings of popular public figures)
As well known for a as for b
Well known as much for a as for b
Well known for a as much as for b
They are as likely to occur because of poor monitoring by boards of directors as to be caused by incentive compensation for managers.

pancake

5        状语比较GWD1-32 状语比较，自己和自己比
To develop more accurate population forecasts, demographers would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economic determinants of fertility.

34: GWD-18-Q31 状语比较，自己和自己比
Between 1990 and 2000 the global economy grew more than it did during the 10,000 years from the beginning of agriculture to 1950.

24.        (25819-!-item-!-188;#058&002130)
Employment costs rose 2.8 percent in the 12 months that ended in September, slightly less than they did in the year that ended in the previous quarter.

There is one PC for every 32 pupils in American four time as many as there were four years ago.

pancake

4        谓语比较

She received less than she asked for.

1.        (24465-!-item-!-188;#058&000982)
To meet the rapidly rising market demand for fish and seafood, suppliers are growing fish twice as fast as they grow naturally, cutting their feed allotment by nearly half and raising them on special diets.

Prep1-36.        (26371-!-item-!-188;#058&002614)
Thomas Eakins's powerful style and his choices of subject--the advances in modern surgery, the discipline of sport, the strains of individuals in tension with society or even with themselves-- were as disturbing to his own time as they are compelling for ours.

pancake

3        主语比较错误形式(不能用they/it，要用those/that)
GWD3-Q30:
Today’s technology allows manufacturers to make small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their production history. ( C )
A.        small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their
B.        small cars that are more fuel-efficient than they were at any time in their 不能用they
C.        small cars that are more fuel-efficient than those at any other time in
D.        more fuel-efficient small cars than those at any other time in their
E.        more fuel-efficient small cars now than at any time in

GWD1-Q16:
Soaring television costs accounted for more than half the spending in the presidential campaign of 1992, a greater proportion than (it was) in any previous election.(去掉it was。It指proportion，不对)

一下为别的比较:

34. GWD30-Q34: 正确
Books in European libraries last longer than books in libraries in the United States because, although the climate in Europe is fairly humid, libraries there are not subjected to the extremes of temperature and humidity that damage collections in the United States. 可以的，同一套extremes即damage了欧洲的，也damage了美国的。

pancake

2.2        整句比较
Possible/necessary/previously thought/会省略be动词，如果前面加了currently，medically等，be动词就不省略了

Prep1-45
Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined that their diets were more varied than had been supposed. ( than they had been supposed to be )
Prep1-152
Recent research indicates that two popular arthritis drugs may not be as safe as they were initially believed to be.
Prep1-43
A one-million-year-old skull bearing traits associated with both Homo erectus and Homo sapiens has been found in the Afar region of Eritrea, indicating that modern humans developed much earlier than previously thought.[/u] (than people previously thought they develop，or what)

77.        (28689-!-item-!-188;#058&003708)
Scientists have found signs that moving water changed the chemical makeup of the surface of Mars in recent eras and have therefore concluded that the planet's crust harbors up to three times as much water as previously thought.


up to three times as much water as (that which have been )previously thought

GWD7-Q32:
A surge in new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as (the economy) some analysts previously thought (to be).

22.        (25727-!-item-!-188;#058&002127)
The company announced that its profits declined much less in the second quarter than analysts had expected and that its business would improve in the second half of the year.

at speeds much higher than (those that) are currently possible（状语比较，比较的是主语）

areas that exhibit as many of the critical features as (those that are) possible