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IV. 附录:
附件1: 理解问题专题集锦
【注】:以下题目均来源于PREP破解1和2,下面只分析读题,有兴趣解题的同学可以查阅破解版相应题目的答案。
I. 比例问题、比较问题+集合问题(含浓度问题)
【怎么读】:
1. 比例问题:读出分子分母
1)遇到percentage和fraction:注意跟在这两个词后的of后的部分(包含其修饰语)就是分母;
2)ratio:ratio of A to B——A是分子,B是分母
2. 集合:读出分类标准,并且能够通过英文表述准确识别是否是全集、有没有交集或并集
1)一个标准分类的:通常用韦恩图或公式直接求解
2)两个标准分类的:通常用二维表解决较为简单明了
3. 比较问题:准确读出比较对象
96. 10591-!-item-!-187;#058&007292
According to the directions on a can of frozen orange juice concentrate, 1 can of concentrate is to be mixed with 3 cans of water to make orange juice.[l1] How many 12-ounce cans of the concentrate are required to prepare 200 6-ounce servings of orange juice[l2] ?
(A) 25
(B) 34
(C) 50
(D) 67
(E) 100
142. 14580-!-item-!-187;#058&010013
The rate of a certain chemical reaction is directly proportional to the square of the concentration of chemical A present and inversely proportional to the concentration of chemical B present.[l3] If the concentration of chemical B is increased by 100 percent, which of the following is closest to the percent change in the concentration of chemical A required to keep the reaction rate unchanged?
(A) 100% decrease
(B) 50% decrease
(C) 40% decrease
(D) 40% increase
(E) 50% increase
164. 17177-!-item-!-187;#058&011044
A certain scholarship committee awarded scholarships in the amounts of $1,250, $2,500, and $4,000[l4] . The committee awarded twice as many $2,500 scholarships as $4,000 scholarships, and it awarded three times as many $1,250 scholarships as $2,500 scholarships. [l5] If a total of $37,500 was awarded in $1,250 scholarships, how many $4,000 scholarships were awarded?
(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 9
(D) 10
(E) 15
165. 16466-!-item-!-187;#058&010795
Of the 1,400 college teachers surveyed, 42 percent said that they considered engaging in research an essential goal. How many of the college teachers surveyed were women?
(1) In the survey, 36 percent of the men and 50 percent of the women said that they considered engaging in research an essential goal.[l6]
(2) In the survey, 288 men said that they considered engaging in research an essential goal.
【解】:A
1)破题:
A)理解的关键:见批注
B)破题:这是一个标准的二维表问题
2)思路:见下表
E E取非 T
F 50%x;700 X
M 36*(1400-x);288 1400-x
T *42% 1400
【NOTE】:黑色字为题干已知;绿色字为条件1已知;红色字为条件2已知。 |
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