【强烈推荐】Manhattan特殊词单复数大全、常见形近词组辨析总结

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这两点我发现在GMAT的SC实战中考到的频率十分高，而往往又是很细节很容易被忽略、让大家实战中异常纠结的考点，并且很少有相关的总结，所以我根据Manhattan SC 4th把这些精华全部都提取出来，与大家共享，希望大家对这些问题有个清晰和明确的认识。


一、特殊词单复数大全

简单的主谓一致不需要赘述，但是现在GMAC变得越来越机警，开始考察起一些特殊词、词组的单复数问题来，不得不引起大家的重视，如果在主谓一致这个基本考点上失手，那么真就追悔莫及了。根据Manhattan总结的表格，我又添加了几点需要注意的，供大家参考：

Singular subject	Plural subject	It depends
A singular subject linked to other n by an additive phrase（附加的修饰成分） Collective n集合名词 (people/items) Most indefinite pron不限代词 (-one /-boby /-thing / -ever /either /neither) Subjects preceded by each or every Subjects preceded by the number of Subject phrases or clauses 学科(mathematics)、体育活动(aerobics)、疾病(diabetes)词尾加s表单数名词	Subjects joinded by and media，phenomena是复数形式 Subjects preceded by a number of	Subjects joined by or/nor (either..or../neither..nor..就近一致) There is/are（和宾语一致） SANAM pron（助记口诀） (some/any/none/all/more) Other numerical words and phrases 倒装看后边的主语 fish鱼，deer鹿，sheep绵羊，works工厂，means手段，Swiss瑞士人，Chinese中国人是单复数相同形式

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Manhattan：Singular subjects dominate the chart. Thus, if you cannot remember a particular rule for determinging the number fo a subject, place your bet that the subject is singular!

PS，关于number词组相关单复数的更多用法，参考08语法笔记P42。


二、常见形近词组辨析

加粗的为特别重要的易混考点，务必掌握！如果能将这些常见形近词组背诵下来，那么对于提高考场上的解题速度将会十分有帮助。

aggravate (worsen) vs. aggravating (annoying)

known as (named) vs. known to be (acknowledged as)

loss of (no longer in possession of) vs. loss in (decline in value)

mandate (command) vs. have a mandate (have authority from voters)

native of (person from) vs. native to (species that orginated in)

range of (variety of) vs. ranging (varying)

rate of (speed or frenquency of) vs. rates for (prices for)

rise (general increase) vs. raise (a bet or a salary increase)

such as (for instance) vs. like (similar to)

try to do (seek to accomplish) vs try doing (experiment with)

后续补充：以上不全，我会陆续添加一些常用的形近词组，希望大家一起来补充！

lie in 位于 vs. lay in 储藏在

date..to可追溯sth到..几年，强调发生的时间点à后面是ago

date..at年代判定、鉴别/年份有..年之久，强调发生到现在经过的时间有多长à后面是old

economic 有经济效益的(经济上的) vs. economical 节俭的(用钱上的)

prevent 预防(未发生) vs. inhibit 阻止(已发生)

reach for 伸手抓vs. reach of 在..身边

target at 目标是…，后面接是某个点 vs. target to 指一个程度，一个值

especially 表示程度，强调严重性 vs. specially 强调特殊性

rate for (prices) vs. rate of (frequency or speed)