4月28日GMAT最新作文新题汇总-AA

Caesar

6.题库9    2次   
The following appeared in the opinion column of a financial magazine.
“On average, middle-aged consumers devote 39 percent of their retail expenditure to department store products and services, while for younger consumers the average is only 25 percent. Since the number of middle-aged people will increase dramatically within the next decade, department stores can expect retail sales to increase significantly during that period. Furthermore, to take advantage of the trend, these stores should begin to replace some of those products intended to attract the younger consumer with products intended to attract the middle-aged consumer.”
财经杂志的意见栏(opinion column)：
一般而言，中年消费者的零售消费额的39％用于(devote)专卖店的商品何服务。而在年轻一些的消费者中这一比例仅有25％。由于中年消费者的数量在下一10年中将大幅增长，专卖店可以预期他们的销售额会有大幅增长。进一步，为利用这一趋势，这些店应该开始将一些吸引年轻消费者的商品替换为吸引中年消费者的商品。
提纲：
1.The absolute value of consumption should be given by the author.
2.all things are equal
3.Whether the increase of profit gained by attracting more middle-aged consumers will be offset
by the reduction of profit because of the loss of young consumers.
According to the argument above, the author recommends that the department stores should replace some of the products intended to attract the younger consumer with product intended to middle-age consumers, and the purpose is to attract the younger consumers whom will devote 39 percent of their retail expenditure to department store products and services when they are middle-aged.
This argument is unconvincing for the following logical fallacy.
A.Replace the products to attract the younger consumers will not increase the percentage of their retail expenditure to department store products and services when they are middle-aged. Because the percentage of retail expenditure to department store products and services that middle-age consumers devote is fixed, it will not change even the department stores attract the middle-age consumers since they were the young consumers.
B.The department stores should place their products in proportion to the percentage of  retail expenditure to department store products and services that the middle-age and the young consumers devote.
Gratuitious Assumption--"the total amount of money middle-aged consumers spend is similar to the total amount of money younger customers spend"  If it were the case that younger consumers spend much more money in total then it could be more important for stores to focus on their business.
Either Or Choice--the author assumes that stocking products to attract more middle-aged consumers and stocking products to attract younger consumers are mutually exclusive alternatives.  Perhaps it is possible to increase the store's appeal to older consumers without compromising its appeal to younger crowds.
Insufficient Sample--the author concludes that all middle aged people will behave as present-day middle aged people do, but perhaps the determination of where to shop is based upon the customer's generation rather than the customer's age.  If that were the case then when today's younger consumers become middle-aged consumers they will continue to shop in stores other than department stores.
A. Lacking any information concerning respectively the actual amount of retail ecpenditure of both the middle-aged consumer group and the younger consumers, we can hardly determine whether the increase in middle-aged consumers will certainly bring more sales to department stores.
B. Furthermore, the arguer fails to consider the fact that different department stores in different locations may have consumers of different age groups.
C. Finally, the arguer ignores the possible negative impact on sales brought about by the decrease in the number of young consumers as a resuly of the recommended invertory adjustment.

Caesar

7. 题库34    1次
The following appeared as part of a plan proposed by an executive of the Easy Credit Company to the president.
“The Easy Credit Company would gain an advantage over competing credit card services if we were to donate a portion of the proceeds from the use of our cards to a well-known environmental organization in exchange for the use of its symbol or logo on our card. Since a recent poll shows that a large percentage of the public is concerned about environmental issues, this policy would attract new customers, increase use among existing customers, and enable us to charge interest rates that are higher than the lowest ones available.”
Easy信贷公司的一个经营主管向董事长提交的一份计划：
如果我们将信用卡所得的利润中的一部分捐给一个知名的环保组织换取在我们的信用卡上使用他们的标识的权利，Easy信贷公司将在信用卡服务的竞争中得到很大好处。由于最近的民调显示，很多人都关心环境问题，这一计划将吸引新顾客，提高现有顾客的使用量，并使我们得到比最低利润率要高的利润率。
提纲：
1.环保组织所提供的标识所关心的方面和民众所关心的方面可能不一致
2.关心环保问题不意味着他们就一定会采取一些具体的措施象是在这个例子里面购买这个公司的产品
The author assumes that the public's concern about environmental issues will result in its taking steps to do something about the problem-in this case, to use the Easy Credit Company credit card.
3.权衡了额外付出的成本和收益之后并不一定值得这么做.
1.首先，关心环境的人，不一定是使用信用卡的。第二，关心环境问题的人，关心的issues不一定与该组织的相同。
2.因果关系不明确：不一定人们关心环保就一定用使用信用卡的方式来表达。因为More often，人们可能采取更加直接的方式，比如直接donate money to the environmental organization.
3.另外，利润率关系到收入和支出，很可能两个比较收入小于支出。

Caesar

8.题库112     1次
The following appeared in a memo to the Saluda town council from the town’s business manager.
“Research indicates that those who exercise regularly are hospitalized less than half as often as those who don’t exercise. By providing a well-equipped gym for Saluda’s municipal employees, we should be able to reduce the cost of our group health insurance coverage by approximately 50% and thereby achieve a balanced town budget.”
Saluda镇的商业管理者给镇议会的备忘录：
研究显示有规律地锻炼的人生病的概率比不运动的人要小一半。通过给Saluda的市政雇员提供一个设备良好的体育馆，我们应该可以大约减少50％的健康保险支出并得到平衡的镇预算。
提纲：
1.        There is no causal relationship between the development of the employees' health and the provision of a well-equipped gym.
2.        Therefore, the reduction of the cost of group health insurance coverage expected by the author is not guaranteed.
3.        Even if the provision of the gym can cause a reduction of the cost, no one can rely on it to achieve a balanced town budget since the health incidents occur very randomly.

Caesar

9.题库 A3    1次
The following appeared in a memorandum from the development director of the Largo Piano Company.
“The Largo Piano Company has long been known for producing carefully handcrafted, expensive pianos used by leading concert pianists. During the past few years, however, our revenues have declined; meanwhile, the Allegro Musical Instrument Company introduced a line of inexpensive digital pianos and then saw its revenues increase. In order to increase Largo’s sales and in fact outsell Allegro, we should introduce a line of digital pianos in a variety of price ranges. Our digital pianos would be likely to find instant acceptance with customers, since they would be associated with the prestigious Largo name.”
提纲：
1.The increase of revenue may just coincided with the sale of inexpensive digital pianos, while the two actually had no causal realationship.
2.The strategy used in other companys may not be suit for the Largo Piano.
3.The expected instant acceptance with customers may not be the case. As the fact the author cited, the revenue of the Largo Piano have declined during the past five years, it may no longer own the prestige.
1.销售降低的原因？——排除他因。
2.错误类比
3.是否会得到持续接受？销售连续下降也许已经说明show声誉的下降。
1.A公司销售额上升的真实原因是否由于数字钢琴生产线的引入
2.适用于A公司的不一定适用于L公司
3.价格的变化将带来产品市场定位的变化，可能会损坏品牌形象

Caesar

10．题库10     1次
The following appeared in the editorial section of a local newspaper.
“This past winter, 200 students from Waymarsh State College traveled to the state capitol building to protest against proposed cuts in funding for various state college programs. The other 12,000 Waymarsh students evidently weren’t so concerned about their education: they either stayed on campus or left for winter break. Since the group who did not protest is far more numerous, it is more representative of the state’s college students than are the protesters. Therefore the state legislature need not heed the appeals of the protesting students.”
地方性报纸的编者按：
过去的冬天里，200名学生从Waymarsh州立大学前往州府大楼抗议对各项州立大学项目基金进行削减的计划。另外12000名Waymarsh学生显然对他们的教育不太关心：他们或是留在学校里，或离开过寒假。由于不抗议的人群更大，他们比抗议人群更有资格代表州立大学学生。所以州立法会不必理会抗议者。
提纲：
1.        代表学生的形成方式不知道。如果是随机产生的，那么去反对的学生完全可以代表学生总体。
2.        没去的学生不一定不关心。他们可能有更重要的事情要忙。例如要赶回家过圣诞节。有已经订好的寒假计划等等。
3.        此外，没去的学生之所以没有去很可能是因为他们觉得那些代表足可以代表他们表达心声。
1，        没有投诉不代表没有不满。很可能学生以其他的方式发泄不满意，比如absent the class, leave the school earlier, 等等。One obvious rejoinder to this line of reasoning is that。。。很可能他们已经知道了学生去protest了，所以才没有去。
2，        200名学生不具有代表性的说法不对。很可能是被推选出来的elected to represent the entire students。缺乏根据的论证，错。

Caesar

11. 题库6      2次
The following appeared as part of an article in a magazine devoted to regional life.
“Corporations should look to the city of Helios when seeking new business opportunities or a new location. Even in the recent recession, Helios’s unemployment rate was lower than the regional average. It is the industrial center of the region, and historically it has provided more than its share of the region’s manufacturing jobs. In addition, Helios is attempting to expand its economic base by attracting companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies.”
一份面向地方生活的杂志上的一篇文章：
企业在寻找新的商机或位置时应该去Helios城。甚至在最近的衰退中，Helios的失业率也比地区平均水平低，它是地区的工业中心，历史上它提供的比它在地区制造业工作中分享的份额中更多。而且，Helios正试图通过吸引研究和发展革新技术的公司来扩张它的经济基础。
提纲：
1.        作者认为应该到该地区建厂理由是这里的失业率很高。但是却没有给出因果关系。从常理来看这是没有道理的因为失业率高的地方可能更难雇佣到雇员从而使成本增加。
2.        作者认为该地区会鼓励研发，所以应该到该地区投资。但事实上就象作者说的那样该地区是制造业中心怎么可能有很多对技术和科研很熟练的人员。
1.        因为H地区industrial and manufacturing比较attractive，所以那里的工人很可能只适合做这类的，如果缺乏能够做innovative technologies and research的工人labor pool，那么很可能导致失败。
2.        H的低失业率更可能成为坏处。因为比如有less available work force。企业必须提高wage才能吸引他们。提高了COST。
3.        错误的假设过去的成功能够代表未来。比方说已经饱和的资源、过分的竞争、以及可能出现的错误政策，都可能导致H地区的经济不再发达。

Caesar

12.题库32      一次
The following appeared in the editorial section of a West Cambria newspaper.
“A recent review of the West Cambria volunteer ambulance service revealed a longer average response time to accidents than was reported by a commercial ambulance squad located in East Cambria. In order to provide better patient care for accident victims and to raise revenue for our town by collecting service fees for ambulance use, we should disband our volunteer service and hire a commercial ambulance service.”
一份西Cambria报纸的社论片断：
最近的对西Cambria的志愿救护服务的回顾显示出其对事故的平均应对时间比设在东Cambria的一个商业救护班要长。为了给事故受害者提供更好的医护服务并通过收取急救服务费来提高我们镇的税收，我们应当解散志愿救护并雇佣商业救护服务。
提纲：
1.对事故的反映时间诚然是评价服务质量的一个因素但并不是唯一的因素.所以仅仅因为东区的商业救护班的反映时间短就认定商业救护办的服务更好是gratuitous的.
2.就算东区的商业班的服务质量更好也并不意味着,西区用商业班就会有一样的成效.因为东西区的情况是不同的.很可能西区的志愿者更有服务,献身意识.
3.此外除非商业班收十分昂贵的服务费用或者有十分多的事故事实这些都是不可能的, 改成商业是不见得就可以给该镇增加很多税收的.所以把这一点作为理由是不正确的.
1.错误类比 两个城市不一样，很可能因为西和东的不一样，比如，路的情况traffic condition。可能东的车辆更好。服务的态度更好。
而且没有说东的志愿情况如何，很可能东的志愿比商业的快。
2.草率的判断：就算是商业的更快，也不一定更好。反映时间不是唯一的因素，有其他——比如服务的质量，态度，器材等等。
另外，除非商业可以charge considerable fees 或者 accident rate非常高，否则未必带来可观的revenue。
A. In the first place, the arguer ignores other factors that might account for the longer average response time as revealed bu the recent review.
B. In the second place, the arguer infairly reduces better patient care to shorter response time to accidents.
C. Finally, the arguer fails to support the claim that hiring a commercial ambulance service would automatically raise revenue for West Cambria.

Caesar

13.未找到      1次
national park以前是旅游胜地，现在因为pollution的关系，不再那么attractive.  national park的revenue也下降了，所以想要mining company 加入，这样可以增加税收，并且会hire原来national park的工人。这样，national park的revenue就不会下降了。
（考古）V1:有个国家（W开头）national parks 游客减少，因为工业污染增加。国家准备把national parks拿来mining来增加收入。mining公司也会给国家缴税和重新雇用之前在national park工作的人。所以为了增加revenue, W国家应该permit把national parks给mining company的建议
V2: AA是说一个经济依靠旅游的城市由于污染严重去玩的人少了，所以有人建议批准开发NATIONAL PARK里面的MINE，说这样可以拉动经济，THE MINING COMPANIES WILL PROVIDES MANY JOBS之类。
V3:是说W这个地方的国家公园已经不能像以前那样吸引很多游者了，所以导致W收入下降。然后有mining company发现这个国家公园有很多资源可以开采，有经济学家就提议不如让这些mining company过来投资开采，这样可以把W的收入从新提高。（大概是这个意思了之前没见过这题）

Caesar

14.题库62   一次
The following appeared in the letters-to-the-editor section of a local newspaper.
“Muscle Monthly, a fitness magazine that regularly features pictures of bodybuilders using state-of-the-art exercise machines, frequently sells out, according to the owner of Skyview Newsstand. To help maximize fitness levels in our town’s residents, we should, therefore, equip our new community fitness center with such machines.”
本地报纸上给编者的信板块：
一份叫Muscle Monthly的健康杂志规律性地刊登使用最好的训练器械的健美运动员的照片。据skyview报摊的摊主说它经常卖完。为了提高我镇居民的健康水平，我们应该给我们的新健身中心装备这样的器械。
提纲：
1.        The bodybuilders may just pretend to be using the state-of-the-art exercise machines while, in fact, their excellent body conditions are due to the use of other types of equipment. And, they just do so for the advertisement purpose.
2.        The circulation is just one of the indicators of the popularity of the magazine. What is more, I can find no direct relationship between the popularity of the magazine and the author's suggestion that we should equip the community with the state-of-the-art excercise machine.
3.        The machines for body building will not necessarily have the same effect on fitness.
1，        如果杂志卖光得快不一定是因为这个器材好，很可能是价钱便宜，和其他的内容。
2，        那些人很可能并不真正用这些机器，而只是摆出造型。
3，        如果是为了body-building的机器很可能不能fitness。比如，cardiovascular fitness。
1.The state-of-the-art exercise machines do not necessarily fit every one.
2.There are other ways to advance the fitness levels of the town’s residents.
3.We should question what the validity and reliability of the owner’s statement.
4.There is no concrete statistic to prove the relationship between sales volume and the report of exercise machines.
A. First, tha arguer unfairly assume that Powerflex sells well in general because it sells well at Skyview Newstand.
B. Second, granting that Powerflex that regularly features pictures of bodybuilders using state-of-the-art exercise machines does sell well, there is no evidence that such machines will help maximize fitness levels.
C. Third, these machines that are suitable for body building man not bu suitable to help maximize the fitness level of the town’s residents.
D. Finally, granting that such machines can help maximize fitness levels,, adding such machines to the new commumity center will not ensure that the residents will use them to build up their health.