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OG128
128.New hardy varieties of rice show promise of producing high yields without the costly requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties.
(A) requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties
(B) requirements by earlier high-yielding varieties of application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation
(C) requirements for application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation of earlier high-yielding varieties
(D) application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation that was required by earlier high-yielding varieties（E）
(E) irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer that were required by earlier high-yielding varieties
Choice E, the best answer, clearly and grammatically expresses the idea that two costly procedures, irrigation and the application of... fertilizer, were required by earlier high-yielding varieties of rice. In A, the placement of by earlier... varieties immediately after application of fertilizer suggests that the varieties applied the fertilizer. In B and D, the phrase application of... fertilizer and irrigation is ambiguous in meaning: it cannot be clearly determined whether applying fertilizer and irrigating are a single operation or two distinct operations. In C, only irrigation—not both irrigation and fertilization—is clearly associated with the earlier... varieties of rice.
想问问难道E中的
irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer 就把两个概念分的很清楚了吗。可能是{ irrigation and application }of commercial fertilizer 啊，是不是按逻辑上理解fertilizer不可能被irrigate?
还有点不是很明白的就是that， that是不是能指代隔得比较远的reference?或者main clause表达的idea?
在这个题里，that用来指代它紧紧follow的词和and之前的词。而which是不是多数情况下只能指代它紧跟的词。
还有一个解释力没提的就是that were required 里的were,为什么是were?因为是irrigation 和 application两个事情？
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