破解IBT托福(toefl)口语

happy_sunday

破解IBT口语-23分并不难--序ＩＩ
　　在介绍人任何经验以前，先给大家推荐一篇文章，偶是考前１０天才看到，有点想见恨晚的感觉，也就是这个帖子，让偶领悟到如何准备口语效果最佳。
　　请大家好好看，领悟这个帖子的精华所在，这个时间绝对值！看完了偶再介绍技巧！
　　下面转贴：（非原创）
　　IBT speaking一二两题.无敌备考方法
　　新托福口语考试得分标准：1、详细具体（空洞的形容词和花哨的句子结构不能得分）；2、词汇量和语法现象要多；3、规定时间内尽可能说快一点，多说一点，信息量大一点。我深深知道，中国学生缺乏大量的语言环 境，在仅有15至30秒的准备时间内要完美地做到以上几点是基本不可能的。那么，是不是要因为一个小小的口语考试就放弃我们在加州的阳光下散步的权利呢？ 当然不会！既然我们不能依赖于现场发挥，那么就通过平时准备，来大大减低现场难度要求。其核心就是——转化原则，在充分领会转化原则的基础上，创建自己的模板，以精练的短句，清楚的表达为主。独立口语题破解（一）新托福口语考试六大题型中的第一种是问你一个你所熟悉的人、地方、东西或者事件，你需要在回答中加入具体的例子和细节。例如：choose a place you like and explain why you like this place.请看看袁老师是怎么回答的：Well, the place I enjoy the most is a small town located in France. I like this small town because it has very charming ocean view. I mean the sky there is so blue and the beach is always full of sunshine. You know how romantic it can ever be, just relax yourself on the beach, when the sun is setting down, when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Of course I like this small French town also because there are many great French restaurants. They offer the best seafood in the world like lobsters and tuna fishes. The most important, I have been benefited a lot from this trip to France because I made friends with some gorgeous French girls. One of them even gave me a little watch as a souvenir of our friendship.看出奥妙来了吗？1、这个回答里用的全部是口语化的短句子；2、按照正常的语速念完正好是45秒；3、出现了多处非常具体的细节描写（得分点）。4、有景色描写（beach）、有人物(French girls)、有事件(make friends)，有具体事物（a watch）。为何如此设计，等一下就会讲到。然后让我们换一个题目再看看，还是用这些内容怎么进行回答：题目：Choose a restaurant you like and explain why you like this restaurant参考答案：Well, the restaurant I enjoy the most is a French restaurant located on a beautiful beach. I like this small restaurant because it has very charming ocean view. I mean the sky there is so blue and the beach is always full of sunshine. You know how romantic it can ever be, just relax yourself on the beach, when the sun is setting down, the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Of course I like this small French restaurant also because it offers the best seafood in the world like lobsters and tuna fishes. The most important, I made friends with some gorgeous French girls in that restaurant. One of them even gave me a little watch as a souvenir of our friendship. 在新托福口语考试中，本题型能够涉及到的范围包括事件、人物、具体事物和地方。现在你是不是开始有些明白为什么袁老师的口语模板要包括人、地、事、物？然后我们再来做一些难度稍大的扩展训练，看看转化原则是怎么能够帮助我们以不变应万变。Choose an important event/ a favorite activity and give reasons explaining why this event is important/ why this activity is your favorite. 从抽象的事物转化成具体的景色描写Well, one very important event in my life/my favorite activity is a little trip to France. I like this trip so much because we visited a small French town. The town has very charming ocean view. I mean the sky there is so blue and the beach is always full of sunshine. You know how romantic it can ever be, just relax yourself on the beach, when the sun is setting down, when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Of course I like this little trip to France also because there are many great French restaurants. They offer the best seafood in the world like lobsters and tuna fishes. The most important, I have been benefited a lot from this trip to France because I made friends with some gorgeous French girls. One of them even gave me a little watch as a souvenir of our friendship. 注意一定要有两到三句转化句，也叫点题句，即在文中标注出的句子。扩展训练：1． Describe one object that is of special value to you and explain why it is of special value to you. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.2． Choose a teacher you like and explain why you like him or her. Include specific details in your statement.3． Everyone has a goal to fulfill. What’s your goal and explain why you want to fulfill this goal. Please include specific examples and details in your explanation.(在看下面的参考答案之前，请自己先用转化原则处理一下上面的题目。这几个题目是袁老师精心收集的仿真题，仿真度可以达到90％以上，同学们要好好利用)参考答案：1. Well, the object of special value to me is a little watch. 点题，复述原题 the watch was designed for women and one of my French girlfriends gave it to me as a souvenir of our friendship. This little watch is of very special meaning to me because it always reminds me of those days I spent in a beautiful French town located by the beach. My watch is deep blue, as blue as the charming ocean view on the beach. You know how romantic it can ever be, just relax yourself on the beach, when the sun is setting down, when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.The most important, I made friends with some gorgeous French girls. One of them gave me this little watch as a gift. I cherish the watch just as much as we cherish our friendship. 2．Well, the teacher I admire so much is a gorgeous French lady. She was from a beautiful French small town located by the beach. She has very charming deep blue eyes, as blue as the ocean view on the beach. I admire her so much because she is not only a teacher to me but also a very good friend. Last summer, she invited me to travel to her hometown. You know how romantic it can ever be, just relax yourself on the beach, when the sun is setting down, when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Also, she brought me to some restaurants offering the best seafood such as lobsters and tuna fishes. Finally, she gave me a little watch as the souvenir of our friendship.3. Ever since I was a kid, I had a dream to travel to France. My parents told me that there is a little French town located by the beach. It has very charming ocean view. They told me the sky there is so blue and the beach is always full of sunshine. You know how romantic it can ever be, just relax yourself on the beach, when the sun is setting down, when the ocean breeze is blowing and the seabirds are singing.Of course I want to travel to this small French town also because there are many great French restaurants. They offer the best seafood in the world like lobsters and tuna fishes. The most important, there is a good chance to make friends with some gorgeous French girls. 同学们请谨记一点，袁老师提供的这个模 板只是给大家一个参考思路，每个人都要根据自己的具体情况变换模板中的内容，并固定成自己的语言，在地点、事件、人物、事物四个方面多做转化练习。如果只是一味的机械照搬，只能产生一种戏剧化的结果：ETS的老头子们会惊讶的发现原来所有的中国女孩都爱美丽的法国女郎；所有的中国男孩子一辈子的梦想就是到法国乡下的小酒馆里等人送手表！

happy_sunday

准备的核心原则:详见序II
　　主题IV：物体An Object
　　这个主题又可以分为3类：
　　（一) Describean object
　　1.Describe an important machine/ means oftransport/ a work of art and explain why you think it is important in yourlife.
　　Important machine:
　　Computer
　　1. Make possiblerapid access of large amounts of information within several seconds, save melots of time and energy
　　Ex:writing essay, save the time to go to library and bookstore
　　2.Entertain me, watching movies, listening to the music, playing games online,make my life more colorful
　　Means of transportation
　　Subway
　　1. It won’tbe influenced by the weather: not like other transportations, say the plane,the bus, would be largely influenced by weather.
　　Ex: theplane was delayed by a large storm during my trip to Beijing, wait for several hours
　　2. cheapand fast, shanghai advanced subway system, take me to almost every corner ofthe city
　　A work of art
　　Stampcollecting
　　1. Habit,stamps have their own meanings, like the stamps for the 2008 Olympic Games, itwould be of great value to me, it is a pride for Chinese people,
　　2. Makemany friends who also like to collect stamps; exchange stamps, appreciate eachother’s collection
　　2.Describe the best/worst invention in the20th century and explain how it affects your life.
　　Computer
　　3. Describe an important invention beforecomputer/a normal commodity in your family and explain its advantages anddisadvantages.
　　Television:
　　Advantages:
　　1. Keep people informed the latest information without going outof home
　　Ex: the latest scientific discovery from the program of discovery
　　2. Entertain people, movies, basketball games, football games
　　Ex: F1 fans, watch the match at home
　　Disadvantages:
　　1: Make people more isolated from the outside world
　　2: some unhealthy programs would be harmful to children, say theviolent movies
　　4.Describe an important gift/letter/photographand explain why it is special to you.
　　Souvenirof friendship,
　　Show anAmerican friend around China
　　1. Beijing, capital of China, historical places, like the TianAn Men Square, the great wall, the summer place, historical background
　　2. Shanghai, the OrientalPearlTower,
　　Send me awatch, write me a letter, take a photograph together as a good memory of thehappy time
　　5.Describe something expensive you want to buy and explain why you want to buyit.
　　Car
　　1. Makemy life more convenient; drive to work, save a lot of time, far away from home
　　2. Takemy friends and family to other cities for a travel, as a way of relaxation andentertainment enhance the relationship

happy_sunday

看真题：
　　1. 你认为对你最有用的书？并解释原因。（2005/11/19）
　　（1）书是什么？
　　Well, to me, the most useful book is the encyclopedia.
　　（2）最有用的理由
　　The reasons why I think it is the mostuseful book is as follows:
　　Firstly, it covers knowledge almost inevery field in the world. For example, if I want to know American history, Ican turn to the history chapter. Or if I want to know living habits like tiger,I can also find answers in this book.
　　The second reason is that it saves me a lotof time when I have something confused. Instead of going to the library orbookstore, an encyclopedia can almost give me any answer I want.
　　2.杂志，小说，诗歌，喜欢哪个？（2006/2/3）(2006/10/28)
　　Well, to me, I would prefer the magazine.
　　The reason is as follows:
　　First of all, it can keep me informed ofthe latest information in the world. For example, a fashion magazine can tellthe most popular clothes in the summer. A car magazine will inform me of thelatest cars manufactured by the companies all around the world.
　　The second reason is that it can be a kindof entertainment for me. Usually, I will bring one or two magazines with me tothe park, enjoying the sunshine and the latest information.
　　3. 描述一本你认为有趣的书？（2006/3/25）(2006/12/8/15)
　　(1)是什么？
　　Well, to me, the most interesting book isencyclopedia.
　　(2) 为什么？
　　The reasons why I think it is interestingare as follows:
　　First of all, it contains a wide ranger ofknowledge covering almost every field. For example, if I want to know aboutAmerican history, I can turn to the history chapter for help. Or if I want tofind some information about the tiger, an encyclopedia can also give me theanswer.
　　The second reason is that it is a book thatcan save people lots of time. Whenever I have problems, I will turn to the bookfor help instead of going to the library or bookstore.
　　3. 你的国家最有效的交通most efficient transportation? (2006/4/8)
　　(1) 是什么？
　　Well, to me, the most efficienttransportation in my country is subway.
　　(2) 为什么?
　　The reasons are as follows:
　　First of all, it is a transportation thatcannot be effected by the bad weather or other factors that may influence theoperation of the transportation.
　　The second reason that it is fast andconvenient. For example, I live in shanghai, where has an advanced system ofsubway, and I can reach almost every district of the city by subway.
　　4. 近100年最重要的invention之一？(2006/4/28)
　　Well, to me, one of the most importantinventions in the recent century is computer technology.
　　The reasons are as follows:
　　First of all, it helps people to do thingsmore efficient. It releases people from repetitive computing work by just runninga computing program. In that way, people have more time to do other things.
　　The second reason is that it can provideentertainment for people. With the computer, people can watch movie, playgames, or even shopping.
　　It is really an amazing invention of therecent century.
　　5. A job or career you want to pursue? (2006/7/29)
　　Well,to me, I want to be a teacher in the future.
　　The reasons are as follows:
　　First of all, I think it’s a noble careerthat it carries the responsibility of educating the next generation, whichwould be the pillar of the country.
　　The second reason is that I want to learnfrom my mother to be a good teacher. My mother is hard working that has beenrespected by thousands of students. I want to be such a good teacher too.
　　6. 你最喜欢家里的什么？（2006/10/8）
　　Well, to me, I like the garden behind myhouse.
　　The reasons are as follows:
　　First of all, I have lots of flowersplanted in the garden. It is really beautiful especially in spring and summer. Ireally enjoy the great view of the garden.
　　The second reason is that it is also myexercise place. Every morning, I doing boxing at the garden and enjoy the freshair. What a pleasure moment!
　　7. 人生有很多目标（object）,请你描述其中之一？（2006/10/15）
　　Well, to me, one of my objects is to studyoverseas.
　　The reasons are as follows:
　　First of all, I want to experiencedifferent cultures. By studying abroad, I can really learn the culture of thatculture, which would make me more tolerant of foreign cultures.
　　The second reason is that I want to learnthe advanced knowledge from other countries. Some subjects in China arenot as advanced as those of other cultures.
　　8. 你喜欢film of comedy, drama…? (2006/11/3)
　　Well, to me, I prefer to film of comedy.
　　The reasons are as follows:
　　First of all, watching film to me is a kindof relaxation. After a day of hard work and study, a film of comedy would amuseme, making me more relaxed.
　　The second reason is that it would be agreat time to share with friends with film of comedy. Just imagine, you arewatching film of comedy with good friends. You laugh together and share thehappiness. What a wonderful time!

happy_sunday

这个帖子主要介绍如何准备第一题，虽然是第一题，但确不是最简单的。理由：
　　（ａ）回答第一题比较紧张，因为刚进入口语，还没有进入状态，所以很容易因为紧张，就闷了。
　　（ｂ）第一题的问题几乎没有什么提示，这里所谓的提示，指答案的提示。不像第２题，Ａ　ｏｒ　Ｂ是有提示的，回答Ａ，Ｂ，甚至Ａ＋Ｂ都可以。所以第一题还可能卡在理由上，例子上。
　　下面主要介绍第一题考试的范围，偶当时准备就是按照这个范围准备的，参考了不少口语书，几乎逃不出偶下面列的范围：
　　我相信大家已经研究过ＯＧ,里面其实对每一题的出题范围都有介绍：
　　第一题的出题范围分为四个方面：
　　(1) 地点类(place)
　　ex:
　　Describe your favorite placein the city and explain why you like thisplace. (2006/1/6) (2006/7/15)
　　这是2006年1月和7月的真题
　　(2)事情或活动类(event or activity)
　　ex:
　　Describe the most importantdecision you have made in your life. (2005/12/2)
　　(3)人物类(person)
　　ex:
　　Describe yourfavorite teacher and explain how this teacher influenced you.
　　(4)物体类(objects)
　　ex:
　　Describe thebest/worst invention in the 20th century and explain how it affects your life.
　　以上4个范围，就是ETS考察第一题的内容。
　　接下来，就一个个主题来看怎么准备：（我在下面举的例子大部分以上海为例，大家可以根据自己的情况改写就可以）

happy_sunday

(二) Describe your favorites
　　最喜欢的花？
　　Carnation
　　1. many colors, and beautiful flowers
　　2. good meaning, pure love, respect formother,
　　wish a longer life
　　最喜欢的颜色？
　　Red
　　Represent luck in China,red can be seen in some cerebration like wedding,
　　energetic, full of energy,
　　最喜欢的电影？
　　Forrest Gump, won the Oscar Award in 1995,
　　1. The well know script
　　Life was like a box of chocolates, younever know what you're gonna get.
　　2. The movie tells every aspect of thepolitical social life of the United States at that time. And I like the pure virtue of Gump, honest, keepingone’s word and brave, thought with lower IQ, worth my learning.
　　最喜欢的小说？
　　Sherlock Holmes
　　Detective story
　　1. It is the bestdetective stories I have ever read. It is full of suspense and really piques mycuriosity to disclose the mystery.
　　2. I admire theexcellent qualities Holmes bears. Smart, a sense of humor, brave, carefulness.
　　Describe your favoriteclothing/jewelry/advertisement/medium/TV program/type ofholiday/movie/sports/leisureactivity/music/song/weather/dish/animal/traditional Chinese art orcraft/newspaper/magazine/book/an interesting news story/website and explain whyyou like it.
　　Favorite clothing: shorts clothing
　　1. I like doing some exercise to keep fitand health, sports clothing would protect me when doing some exercises
　　2. feel comfortable when wearing sportsclothing, relaxed, casual,
　　Favorite jewelry:
　　1. My Swatch Ring, fashion, there are movable numberson the ring, used to remember important dates in my life
　　Ex: birthday of parents
　　2. a gift from my boyfriend, meaningful,
　　Favorite advertisement:
　　The advertisement of Coca Cola
　　1: Many of my favorite stars like Yaoming, Liu Xiang,and some other singers and actors
　　2: Coca cola is also my favorite drink, share withfriend, great time
　　Ex: birthday, we would have cake and coca cola tocelebrate
　　Favorite medium
　　Television
　　1. Keep me informed of the latest information of theworld
　　Ex: the stock market, American’s new attitude towardsthe Iraq War
　　2. watch my favorite games: F1, the NBA, footballmatch
　　Ex: world cup
　　Favorite TV program
　　Business program
　　1. Keep me informed of the latest economic andbusiness news in the world
　　Ex: the world stock market, the exchange rate,
　　2. Introduce the operation of successful company,learn from their successful experiences, own my own business
　　Favorite Holiday:
　　Chinese New Year Festival
　　Favorite Movie
　　Forrest Gump
　　Favorite Sports
　　Jogging
　　1. Keep fit and health, the Century park
　　2. Make a lot of friends
　　Favorite leisure activity
　　Travel
　　1. Entertainment, relax myself
　　2. know some new cultures, be more tolerant of othercultures, open-minded
　　3. make some new friends
　　Favorite music
　　Pop music
　　1: entertainment, relax, optimistic and health
　　2: sing together with friends, spent spare timetogether,
　　Favorite song
　　My heart will go on,
　　1. the song for the romantic movie, the Titanic,remind me of this great love story
　　2. feel relaxed, my boyfriend also like this song,our belief for love
　　My favorite weather/season
　　Spring/ Sunny day
　　Go to the century park
　　1. Enjoy the beautiful scenery
　　2. jog around the park to keep fit and health
　　My favorite Dish
　　Pizza
　　1. delicious,
　　1st time, the OrientalPearlTower,restaurant, delicious, love pizza
　　2. happy to eat together with friends
　　Ex: celebrate birthday with friends or family, ordera large pizza, great time
　　Favorite Animal
　　Giant Panda
　　1. The treasure of China,unique to china, scientific value to scientists, live fossil, lovely to me
　　2. represent peace and friendship, give the giantpanda to the United States and Japanas gift
　　Establish good and stable relationship with thesecountries
　　Traditional Chinese Art or Craft
　　Paper cutting
　　1. Habit, learned in my secondary school, vivid and beautiful
　　2. represent my school to attend contest in papercutting, got the first prize, honor for both the school and me,
　　Favorite Newspaper
　　Newspaper for business
　　1. Keep me informed of the latest business news ofthe world
　　Ex: the exchange rate, the stock market, doing wiseinvestment
　　2. operation of successful companies, learn fromtheir successful practice and benefit my own business
　　Favorite magazine
　　Business Magazine
　　1. Keep me informed of the latest business news ofthe world
　　Ex: the exchange rate, the stock market, doing wiseinvestment
　　2. operation of successful companies, learn fromtheir successful practice and benefit my own business
　　Favorite book
　　Encyclopedia
　　Favorite website

happy_sunday

Google
　　1. Good research engine, save me time and energy tolook for information
　　Ex: clone technology; history of the Untied States
　　2. other functions: Gmail service, calenda, piccsafor photo, convenient my life
　　(三) Describe events/your experiences
　　1.Describe an exciting period/a positive change/a importantsuccess/decision in your life/ and explain why it is XXX
　　Exciting period: my universitygraduation day
　　A positive change: my universitygraduation day
　　A important success: my universitygraduation day
　　Decision in your life: choose theuniversity and major
　　2.Describe your most unforgettable childhood story/a happy event in yourchildhood and explain why it is XXX
　　Unforgettable childhood story:elected the monitor of the class in the elementary school
　　A happy event in your childhood:elected the monitor of the class in the elementary school
　　3.Describe the best party /holiday /trip/a long distance travel/ wedding/aspecial meal/ the worst weather/ and explain why it is XXX
　　Best Party: the farewell party:
　　1. At the night of the graduation day, celebrate forthe successful graduation, got the two diplomat,
　　2. Turning point in life, embarked on new lifetowards future
　　The best holiday:
　　The Chinese New Year Festival
　　1. family reunion
　　2. long trip to foreign country
　　The best trip
　　Beijing
　　1. Capital of china, historical building
　　2. many good friends and classmates there
　　A long distance travel:
　　The United States:
　　1. visit many friends studying or living there
　　2. visit many famous places: the YellowstoneNational Park,the White House, the EmpireStateBuilding,Times Square, Statueof liberty
　　Best wedding
　　1. my best friend, she was very beautiful on thatday, feel happy for her
　　2. held in the OrientalPearlTower,very special, restaurant, the night scenery
　　A special meal
　　1. at the restaurant of the OPT,
　　2. 1st time my boyfriend celebrate mybirthday, gift, ring, happy

happy_sunday

The worst weather
　　Storm
　　1. go to the United States forvacation
　　2. cancel
　　4.Describe your experience of learning English/a family event/a sportevent/an accident and explain the importance of it.
　　Experience of learning English:
　　A family event: a trip to theOriental pearl tower
　　An accident: I had a car accidentwhen I was crossing the road. I was taken to the hospital and treated there forabout one month. I gave me a good lesson in my life.
　　1. When going across the road, bevery careful. Pay attention to the traffic lights.
　　2. a friend in need is a friendindeed.
　　5.Describe an important festival in your country/a popular game thatchildren play in your town.
　　A popular game: Ping Pang,
　　Health, a lot of honor
　　The relationship between Chinaand the United States
　　6.Describe a project you have done and explain what you got from doingthis project.
　　An exchange student program with the SydneyUniversityon the major of Logistic Management
　　I was sent to this university for one month to learnhow the students and teachers there take and give the classes of this major.
　　First of all, I really find the difference in the learningmethod. These foreign students tend to be more active than my classmates inclass. They take active part in the class discussion.
　　Second, I made a lot of friends through this project.When I back to China,we often email each other about some problems we meet in class.
　　好了，以上就是4个主题，我当时准备第一题的全部内容。休息下，再来第二题，第二题比较简单，相对好准备，到时候给大家个思路就好了，而且一二是有联系的。
　　Question 2：
　　Q2相对于Q1来说，好回答的多。Q2的问题是：A or B, why?或者 do or not do? 再或者 A,B,C...which one prefer?
　　所以基本上答案就已经在问题中了。

happy_sunday

一般解答的思路无非以下几种：
　　(一) A or B, why?
　　(1) prefer A
　　reason 1
　　reason 2
　　(2)prefer B
　　reason 1
　　reason 2
　　(3) depends
　　prefer A when......
　　prefer B when......
　　(二) do or not do
　　(1) do
　　reason 1
　　reason 2
　　(2) not do
　　reason 1
　　reason 2
　　(三) A,B,C...which one prefer?
　　(1) A
　　reason 1
　　reason 2
　　(2) B
　　reason 1
　　reason 2
　　......
　　所以对于回答Q2，充分利用题干的提示，迅速作出选择，其实一但做了选择，问题就又回到Q1的解答方法了。
　　下面看几个真题：
　　(1) 电视对于现代社会有正面作用还是负面作用，选择其中之一并解释原因
　　这是A or B
　　(2)Do you think the high school should teach music andart as other basic science?
　　这是 do or not do
　　(3)媒体（tv,internet….）和人（朋友，家长，同学）从哪方面你能学到更多的东西?
　　这是A,B,C...which one prefer?
　　回答技巧：
　　(1) 迅速选择，不要犹豫，这个题目回答没有对错，能自圆其说就好。
　　(2)一旦选择，回答得思路可以回到Q1,句型，结构可以用一样的。
　　(3) 当缺少理由时，可以用正面，反面回答得方法，可以充实理由库
　　ex:
　　Do you think the high school should teach music andart as other basic science?
　　态度：应该
　　理由1：有助于培养学生的想象力
　　理由2：（如果想出来正面理由）如果不上music and art的坏处：学生缺少想象力
　　这样一来，把一个理由分两个用
　　(4) 建议用作文的题库来练习, 选上述3种问法的题目来练，既能复习作文，也能练习口语。把185里面的题目挑出来反复练习就可以了。
　　(5) Q1和Q2不是没有关系的，Q1准备的内容很多时候能用在Q2的题目上，所以在联系的时候多多练习，这样可以缩小准备的内容，争取把这些内容弄得滚瓜烂熟。

happy_sunday

Question 3 (以下部分引用网友的总结)
　　这道题通常是关于university policies, rules or procedures; university plans; campus facilities or qualityof life on campus的一些新的变化，对话中的一个人支持或者反对这个变化，并且给出理由，题目的要求就是复述其中一人的观点并且列举出这个人的理由（注意：不能说自己的观点！）。问题类似于“State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding thatopinion”。读40-45秒（75-100 words），听60-80秒，准备30秒，说60秒。
　　答题原则：
　　1、对话题型重要原则：重点听一个人的观点
　　2、基本上对话结构是Q&A，总是针对A来设计题目。
　　3、概括记录，以最佳复原效果为准。
　　（1）可用符号甚至中文，但确保不会换用“关键词”。
　　（2）关键句阅读时可预见，内容预先记下，态度非正即反，不要靠当时具体去听，只标+, -号。
　　（3）Supporting points可标上数码，至少可以心理安慰。
　　（4）细节列举可放过，特别不要在细节列举遇到生词时懊恼抓狂。
　　其实这个题目比较好回答，基本上reading passage就可以判断出很多内容，如到底是notice,message, proposal,迅速找到关键词，内容究竟讲什么。听得时候重点听态度和支持或者反对的理由。
　　模版见下：(该模版非原创)
　　In the readingmaterial,
　　There is a/anannouncement/message/notice/proposal about ****(填入记下的关键词)
　　The university/college is going to****(稍稍展开下)
　　In the listeningmaterial,
　　Two students discussabout the***(填入关键词)
　　The man/woman is against/supporting the***
　　He or she feels unhappy/less satisfied about***
　　thinks the*** is unfair/inconvenient/unaffordable
　　for the following reasons:
　　First, he thinks/says****
　　Also, he points out that****
　　Question 4
　　读和听一段学术方面（lifescience, social science, physical science, and the humanities）的文章，the reading passage一般是概括和抽象的学术语言，the lecture给出具体的例子、反例或者应用。题目一般是要求“apply themore general information you have learned in the reading to the examplesdiscussed in the lecture”。读40-45秒（75-100 words），听60-80秒，准备30秒，说60秒。

happy_sunday

此题型细分为两种题型：(这个是一个叫Amy的网友整理的题目类型)
　　1、二元正负类：阅读材料中的关键句之一有两个对称并列的概念性词语（切记：通常是动词！）
　　（1）在阅读材料中找到两个关键词，听力材料必然围绕这两个关键词展开。
　　（2）在听力中迅速判断两大关键词的正负性质。
　　（3）根据两大关键词的正负性展开相关内容。
　　关于这个类型，偶考试的时候没有碰到，平常做题也没有注意，大家可以留意下。
　　2、描述举例类：阅读材料中的关键句之一对文章题目进行描述，如果不是定义句，此关键句经常在定义句附近。
　　（1）阅读时记下描述性的关键句，如果临近定义句，同时记下定义句。
　　（2）听到并记下举例内容，特别是与关键句匹配的信息。
　　（3）根据具体例子反推验证关键句，如阅读时未确定，则在听力中迅速判断，从两句中选中一句。
　　（4）整合阅读与听力笔记，套用句型，准备答题。
　　这个题型，是我复习的关键，幸运的是考试的时候也是这个题型。
　　我简单地展开下如何作笔记：
　　reading passage: 主要记下抽象的词，和具体的定义；原理，和具体原理的内容等
　　listening passage: 主要记所举的example, study, or reasearch，注意这些和抽象的定义和原理的挂钩。
　　下面只介绍题型二的模版：
　　类型一：
　　The reading passage: definition
　　Listening passage: examples, study, research
　　模版：
　　The reading passagegives the definition of……(关键的抽象词)
　　XXX is……(定义的内容)
　　In the listening passage,the professor goes on to demonstrate it by introducing some researches/examples.
　　This first is……(最后一句注意挂钩)
　　The second is……(同样挂钩)
　　类型二:
　　The reading passage: the phenomenon / the problem/the process /somefunctions/some features
　　Listening passage: research, analysis...
　　模版：
　　the reading passage describes the phenomenon / the problem/the process /somefunctions/some features(关键的抽象词)
　　XXX is……(定义的内容)
　　In the listening passage, the professor goes on to demonstrates it by introducing some researches /analyses
　　This first is……(最后一句注意挂钩)
　　The second is……(同样挂钩)
　　类型三:
　　The reading passage:a conception held by/the principle/ theapplication/the cause/the effect
　　Listening passage: specific aspects
　　模版：
　　The reading passage introduces a conception held by/the principle/ theapplication/the cause/the effect
　　In the listeningpassage
　　argues/indicates several specific aspects of
　　The first*** is
　　The second *** is
　　reading passage 和listening passage大致就是以上的范围，大家还可以细分，练习的时候好好体会，再总结下。
　　Question 5
　　这道是Problem andSolution(P&S)题。一般是关于campus-relatedsituation，两个人讨论aproblem and two possible solutions. The problem一般是关于scheduling conflicts, unavoidable absences, unavailable resources,student elections, financial difficulties, and so forth. 题目要求是“briefly describe the problemthat was discussed in the conversation and to state which of the two solutionsyou prefer, and finally to explain why you prefer that solution”，其中的reason可以是材料中提到的，也可以是自己的类似经历。听60-90秒，准备20秒，说60秒。
　　1、Problem往往不是单纯的，而是复杂矛盾的，分几个回合说完。
　　2、Solutions针对Problem不同层面提出，注意提炼中心句。关切性的话可以略去。
　　3、问题不用听！每次都一样！省下10-15秒整理笔记。
　　4、答题时不要忘记给出自己的Solutions，想不出来就选择一个S提出的方案或把S提出的各种办法按照轻重缓急排序，形式上不可缺少！