请问og12-126，分词跳跃指代的问题，一直的疑问。

thinkingape

126. The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.

(A) that, in turn, create unconscious physiological responses

(B) that creates unconscious physiological responses in turn

(C) creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses

(D) to create, in turn, physiological responses that are unconscious

(E) who creates unconscious physiological responses in turn

AC选项唯一的差别就是使用 从句 和 分词

现在看来，从句可以跳跃指代reactions，没有疑问

疑问在于，分词creating是否有这种功能，og解释很不清楚。

请教NN。如果有，请尽量举例。谢谢。

thinkingape

A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a decline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing during pupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.

A.      which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing



B.       which includes establishing limits to the size of sharks that can be caught, closing



C.      which include the establishment of size limits for shark catches, the closing of



D.      including establishing size limits for shark catches, closing



E.       including the establishing of limits to the size of sharks that are caught, the closing of

又是一道including分词跳跃指代remedies的问题。。。好奇怪！which不可以？

gmat740740

which在这里就近原则是指代population的吧，而逻辑上应该只前面的remedies，所以不好

haileywang

which在这里就近原则是指代population的吧，而逻辑上应该只前面的remedies，所以不好

huangsiyan

A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a d ...
thinkingape 发表于 2011-5-15 08:08

    AB中的which后是includes，说明which就不能指代remedies了
C中的which就是指代remedies的， 不选C是因为the establishment... the closing 和未划线的requiring不平行
所以只能选择分词啦

thinkingape

谢谢！完全明白了！

ChinaHawk

这个不是which的跳跃修饰，而是平行对称结构，用including才能和后面的closing 什么的对称起来

haileywang

这里面的平行结构应该是 establishing , closing and requiring.

逗号加including ，修饰的是逗号前面的整个主句。

pilipala711

其实which也可以修饰的，当然修饰的是好几种补救措施，还要顾及
establishing , closing and requiring三个平行结构，所以不用the establishement了。

个人愚见：
如果是 which include establishing size limits for shark catches,  closing...
也可以算是恰当的选项。

socool1990

我同意楼上的!~~