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23.(Z21)A shortage of orders for Manto Aircraft’s airliners has led analysts to predict that the manufacturer will have to lay workers ,the new order that consolidated airlines has just made for 20 of Manto’s model TX jets does not provide a reason for the analysts to revise their predictions ,because simultaneously with its new order , consolidated canceled its existing order for an equal number of manto’s larger, more expensive model Z uets

which of the following ,if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A. Manto relies more heavily on outside subcontractors to provide the labor to
manufacture the Model Z than it does the Model TX
B. The Manto employees who currently work to manufacture the model Z are
Not proficient at manufacturing the model TX
C. Manto includes all required maintenance work for the first five years in the
price of each jet it sells .
D. Manto has had to lay off workers several times within the past ten years but
has typically rehired many of the workers when it subsequently received new orders
E. A large number of the airliners in consolidated is fleet are at the beginning of
their expected service life

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24.(Z22)Travel agents are market intermediaries who make their living by gathering, organizing,and dispensing information about travel-related services
that is not readily available to most consumers through new information
technologies,such as the internet much of this information can now be made directly available to consumers demand for the services of travel agents will be drastically reduced

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A. Travel agents routinely use the internet and other new information tech-
nologies as sources for the information they obtain for their customers .
B. The amount of information available through the internet and other new information technologies is increasing faster than the capabilities of most consumers to process it
C. Many people use travel-related services, such as airlines and hotels without consulting a travel agent .
D. The people who currently use the services of travel agents are also those most likely to gain access to new information technologies
E. The internet and other new information technologies are currently used by a relatively small proportion of the population

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25.(Z22)in recent years, networks of fiber-optic cable have been replacing electrical wire for transmitting telecommunications signals, Signals running through fiber-optic cables deteriorate, and wo the signals must be run through a piece of e3quiplent called a regenerator before being transmitted father. Light-Line is the leading manufacturer of signal regenerators. Therefore, Light-line is one of the companies that will most benefit if new long-distance fiber-optic telecommunications networks are constructed.

Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the prediction about light-ling’s prospects?

A. Telecommunication’s signals sent along electrical wires can travel much Farther than signals transmitted through fiber-optic before needing to be regenerated.
B. Expanding its production of regenerators will require Light-line to spend proportionately more on labor and materials.
C. The volume of signals that a fiber-optic cable can carry is several Thousand times greater than the volume that can be carried by an electrical Wire of similar size.
D. There are technologies that enable telecommunications signals to be transmitted without either wire or fiber-optic cable
E. Several manufacturers are developing regenerator technologies that willow signals to be transmitted many times farther than at present before requiring regeneration

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3. 加强题
加强题标志词：


加强题类型：





加强题做题方法：





例题：
1. Because incumbent members of Congress are given a great deal of attention by the news media and because they enjoy such perquisites as free mail privileges and generous travel allowances, incumbents enjoy an overwhelming advantage over their challengers in elections for the United States Congress.
  
Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim above?

(A) In the last congressional elections, incumbents met with a larger number of lobbyists than did challengers.
(B) In the last congressional elections, 98 percent of the incumbents in the House of Representatives who were seeking reelection won.
(C) Incumbent members of Congress are frequently critical of the amount of attention given to them by the news media.
(D) The support that political station action committees provide to challengers for congressional seats often compensates for the perquisites enjoyed by incumbent members of Congress.
(E) Of all incumbent senators surveyed before the last congressional elections, 78 percent said that their challengers did not pose a serious threat to their chances for reelection.

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2. A cost-effective solution to the problem of airport congestion is to provide high-speed ground transportation between major cities lying 200 to 500 miles apart. The successful implementation of this plan would cost far less than expanding existing airports and would also reduce the number of airplanes clogging both airports and airways.

Which of the following, if true, could be proponents of the plan above most appropriately cite as a piece of evidence for the soundness of their plan?
A. An effective high-speed ground-transportation system would require major repairs to many highways and mass-transit improvements.
B. One-half of all departing flights in the nation’s busiest airport head for a destination in a major city 225 miles away.
C. The majority of travelers departing from rural airports are flying to destinations in cities over 600 miles away.
D. Many new airports are being built in areas that are presently served by high-speed ground-transportation systems.
E. A large proportion of air travelers are vacationers who are taking long-distance flights.

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3. Recent surveys show that many people who seek media help are under a great deal of stress. Medical research also shows that stress can adversely affect an individual’s immune system, which is responsible for combating many infections. Thus when a person is under stress, he or she is more likely to become ill.
  
Which of the following, if true, would most strength the conclusion above?

(A) Many businesses that provide health insurance for their employees also provide seminars on stress management.
(B) Many businesses report a significant decrease in absenteeism during periods when employees feel pressured by management.
(C) There is a marked decrease in the number of complaints presented at college infirmaries during vacation time.
(D) There is a marked increase in the number of illness treated at college infirmaries around the time of examinations.
(E) Most people report that being in a hospital or an infirmary is a stressful situation.

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4. If the airspace around centrally located airports were restricted to commercial airliners and only those private planes equipped with radar, most of the private-plane traffic would be forced to sue outlying airfields. Such a reduction in the amount of private-plane traffic would reduce the risk of midair collision around the centrally located airports.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn in the second sentence?

A. Commercial airliners are already required by law to be equipped with extremely sophisticated radar systems.
B. Centrally located airports are experiencing overcrowded airspace primarily because f sharp increases in commercial-airline traffic.
C. Many pilots of private planes would rather buy radar equipment than be excluded from centrally located airports.
D. The number of midair collisions that occur near centrally located airports has decreased in recent years.
E. Private planes not equipped with radar systems cause a disproportionately large number of midair collisions around centrally located airports.

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5.(Z)In parts of South America, vitamin-A deficiency is a serious health problem, especially among children.  In one region, agriculturists are attempting to improve nutrition by encouraging farmers to plant a new variety of sweet potato called SPK004 that is rich in beta-carotene, which the body converts into vitamin A.  The plan has good chances of success, since sweet potato is a staple of the region’s diet and agriculture, and the varieties currently grown contain little beta-carotene.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the plan will succeed?

A.        The growing conditions required by the varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region are conditions in which SPK004 can flourish.
B.        The flesh of SPK004 differs from that of the currently cultivated sweet potatoes in color and texture, so traditional foods would look somewhat different when prepared from SPK004.
C.        There are no other varieties of sweet potato that are significantly richer in beta-carotene than SPK004 is.
D.        The varieties of sweet potato currently cultivated in the region contain some important nutrients that are lacking in SPK004.
E.        There are other vegetables currently grown in the region that contain more beta-carotene than the currently cultivated varieties of sweet potato do.

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6.(Z)The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance.  Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?

A.        Bone flutes were probably the only musical instrument made by Neanderthals.
B.        No musical instrument that is known to have used a diatomic scale is of an earlier date than the flute found at the Neanderthal campsite.
C.        The flute was made from a cave-bear bone and the campsite at which the flute fragment was excavated was in a cave that also contained skeletal remains of cave bears.
D.        Flutes are the simplest wind instrument that can be constructed to allow playing a diatonic scale.
E.        The cave-bear leg bone used to make the Neanderthal flute would have been long enough to make a flute capable of playing a complete diatonic scale.

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7.(Z)Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.  Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

A.        The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.
B.        Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.
C.        In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.
D.        In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.
E.        The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.