2月25号换题后的作文AWA新题更新——AA（18-38题）

Bestwish

18、是一个Business Manager Memo的建议, 说6月份因为把luxury auto和inexpensive cars同时推广，得到了历史最高的销售记录。而二月份之推广了inexpensive car.所以以后应该吧 luxury car作为主打产品。

[v2] it said about in july, company advertised in local newspaper, combing selling luxury car and inexpensive car revenue. larter, the revenue
decreased when company just sales inexpensive along. it is genearlly what it said...

[v3]某公司经理说7月份该公司做广告大力宣传豪华汽车，同时把豪华汽车摆放在展厅重要位置，该公司的豪华汽车以及inexpensive的汽车销量很高；2月份主要广告宣传inexpensive汽车，同时把inexpensive汽车摆放在展厅重要位置。但是总体销量不高。所以经理总结说，要把宣传和展示豪华车作为重点，blablabla

和这道题类似

The following appeared as a memorandum from the vice-president of the Dolci candy company:

“Given the success of our premium and most expensive line of chocolate candies in a recent taste test and the consequent increase in sales, we should shift our business focus to producing additional lines of premium candy rather than our lower-priced, ordinary candies. When the current economic boom ends and consumers can no longer buy major luxury items, such as cars, they will still want to indulge in small luxuries, such as expensive candies.”

1.
错误的认为会一直延续下去

2.
错误的因果联系

3.
无端假设啊，你怎么知道顾客就会买昂贵的糖果嘛

Bestwish

19、 The following appeared as part of an article in a magazine devoted to regional life:
“Corporations should look to the city of Helios when seeking new business opportunities or a new location. Even in the recent recession, Helios’s unemployment rate was lower than the regional average. It is the industrial center of the region, and historically it has provided more than its share of the region’s manufacturing jobs. In addition, Helios is attempting to expand its economic base by attracting companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.、
[见11题]

Bestwish

20、the profits of clothing stores in city A decreased between 8.1 and 10.30. 可是同一个地方的the stores that sell products for the home 的利润却同时间增加了。所以作者建议是reduce the size of clothing stores while enlarge the store of home furnishing and  household products department.
The following appeared as part of a recommendation from the business manager of a department store:
“Local clothing stores reported that their profits decreased, on average, for the three-month period between August 1 and October 31. Stores that sell products for the home reported that, on average, their profits increased during this same period. Clearly, consumers are choosing to buy products for their homes instead of clothing. To take advantage of this trend, we should reduce the size of our clothing departments and enlarge our home furnishings and household products departments.”

1.        A period of three month is too short to draw a general conclusion of the overall trend.
2.        The past three months' trend does not guarantee the same in the future.
3.        Whether the reports from the local clothing stores and stores that sell products for the home are reliable or not are still open to doubt, thus making the author's suggestion groundless.

1，        降低和上升，是否存在必然的关系。忽略他因。
2，        三个月的时间是否能说明一种趋势？
In the first place, the author’s conclusion that consumers are choosing to buy products for their homes instead of clothing is based upon too small a sample. Data gathered from a three-month period is insufficient to establish the conclusion drawn from it. It is quite possible that the three-month period chosen is idiosyncratic and not representative of entire year’s sales. If so, reducing the size of the clothing departments and enlarging the home-furnishings departments may be a costly mistake.
In the second place, the data collected during the three month period may be biased. The fact that the data reflects sales in local stores is cause for concern. It is possible that the sales trend in a particular location is not representative of sales in other regions. For example, sales of clothing in Florida during the winter months are likely to be quite different from sales of clothing in Alaska during the same period.

Bestwish

21.“银行应不应该贷款给那些申请开连锁店的local industry..”然后作者的论据是“一个F的地方以冬天寒冷著名，所以那里的冰欺凌的速度卖的慢，然后说什么F这个地方只有一个卖冰欺凌的点。且今年卖冰欺凌的收入下降了。。。什么什么的
[v2]银行不给某个要开分店的冰欺凌公司贷款，因为当地冬天多，且唯一的一个冰激凌店去年净收入下降了10%
The following appeared as part of a memorandum from the loan department of the Frostbite National Bank:
“We should not approve the business loan application of the local group that wants to open a franchise outlet for the Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors. Frostbite is known for its cold winters, and cold weather can mean slow ice cream sales. For example, even though Frostbite is a town of 10,000 people, it has only one ice cream spot—the Frigid Cow. Despite the lack of competition, the Frigid Cow’s net revenues fell by 10 percent last winter.”

2.        Other factors in deciding whether to give loan to a company such as the credit of the company should be considered.
3.        Admittedly, the former and prospective performance of the company is also important when the bank have to make decision of whether or not should it give loan to a company. However, the author of the memorandum show no sufficient evidence to support his or her proposal that the bank should not give loan to Kool Kone chain of ice cream parlors.
4.        The statistics last year does not necessarily denote the future trend.

1，        排除他因，净收入下降的原因是什么？可能是经营不好，草率定价，甚至正因为缺乏竞争导致了这些。
2，        寒冷冬天不等于没有夏天，也不等于夏天短暂。不能说明原因。
To begin with, since it is reasonable to expect a decline in ice cream sales during winter months, it is difficult to assess the relevance of the fact that Frostbite has cold winters to the potential success of the Kool Kone franchise. Common sense suggests that this fact would be significant only if it turned out that Frostbite’s winter season lasted 9 or 10 months as it does in arctic regions. In that case slow sales could be expected for most of the year and the loan department’s opposition to the loan would be readily understandable. If, on the other hand, Frostbite’s winter season lasts only a few months and the remainder of the year is warm or hot, it is difficult to comprehend the loan department’s reasoning.
Next, the loan department assumes that the Frigid Cow’s decline in net revenue last winter was a result of slow sales occasioned by cold weather. While this is a possible reason for the decline, it is not the only factor that could account for it. For example, other factors such as poor business practices or lack of inventory could be responsible for the Frigid Cow’s loss of revenue. The loan department’s failure to investigate or even consider these and other possible explanations for the Frigid Cow’s decline in revenue renders their decision highly suspect.

Bestwish

22. AA 有个Company 发现 关了外地的分支后profits 上升 所以应该关了所有的分公司而在一个地方经营 因为可以降低cost和 加强supervision
[v2]一个公司把operations分开后利润低了，于是说集中比较好，寂静上有的
[v3] AA某公司集中运行centeralization 更profitable，因此就集中~
The following appeared in a memorandum from the business department of the Apogee Company:
“When the Apogee Company had all its operations in one location, it was more profitable than it is today. Therefore, the Apogee Company should close down its field offices and conduct all its operations from a single location. Such centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and helping the company maintain better supervision of all employees.”
1.        causal oversimplification: It is imprudent to conclude that the establishment of the field offices is the only reason explaining the decline of the profit.
2.        all things are equal: The success of the centralization of the past does not guarantee the applicability in the future.
3.        either-or-or choice: The  author assumes that the centralization and the establishment of field offices are mutually exclusive alternatives, there is no middle ground between they two. In fact, we can have the field offices under centralized control.
First, the author assumes that centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and streamlining supervision of employees. This assumption is never supported with any data or projections. Moreover, the assumption fails to take into account cost increases and inefficiency that could result from centralization. For instance, company representatives would have to travel to do business in areas formerly served by a field office, creating travel costs and loss of critical time. In short, this assumption must be supported with a thorough cost-benefit analysis of centralization versus other possible cost-cutting and/or profit-enhancing strategies.
Second, the only reason offered by the author is the claim that Apogee was more profitable when it had operated from a single, centralized location. But is centralization the only difference relevant to greater past profitability? It is entirely possible that management has become lax regarding any number of factors that can affect the bottom line such as inferior products, careless product pricing, inefficient production, poor employee expense account monitoring, ineffective advertising, sloppy 肥大的buying policies and other wasteful spending. Unless the author can rule out other factors relevant to diminishing profits, this argument commits the fallacy of assuming that just because one event (decreasing profits) follows another (decentralization), the second event has been caused by the first.

Bestwish

23. SmartPro卖专业的会计软件给会计师销量很好，卖非专业的会计软件给家庭用户销量落后。Survey说专业的卖得好是因为有advanced special features，所以为了提升非专业的销量，非专业的软件也要加advanced special features。
[v2] AA: JJ上有，就是这个：“SmartPro卖专业的会计软件给会计师销量很好，卖非专业的会计软件给家庭用户销量落后。Survey说专业的卖得好是因为有advanced special features，所以为了提升非专业的销量，非专业的软件也要加advanced special features。” （可惜考前没有准备这题，实战时从survey和analogy上严打。楼主边写作文居然边更深体会到逻辑思维是怎么样develop的，对我后面做verbal cr意义很大！居然有人一边考试一边复习，服了自己。。。）
The following appeared in a memorandum to a team developing accounting software for SmartPro Software, Inc.:
“Currently, more professional accountants use SmartPro accounting software than any other brand. However, in the market for personal accounting software for non-professionals to use in preparing their income tax returns, many of our competitors are outselling us. In surveys, our professional customers repeatedly say that they have chosen SmartPro Software because our most sophisticated software products include more advanced special features than competing brands. Therefore, the most effective way for us to increase sales of our personal accounting software for home users would clearly be to add the advanced special features that our professional software products currently offer.”

错误类比和静止假设。就是增加功能后价格也会升高因此销量会受影响
还有一点就是其他场上买的原因也许是他们有独特的手段：广告，外观，售价。
1.Doubtful survey
2.False analogy
3.Gratuitous assumption (- competitors are outselling software for non-professionals may be due to other reasons rather than special features)
4.One sideness (-add the advanced special features will add production cost) + Gratuitous assumption (- competitors are outselling software for non-professionals may be due to other reasons rather than special features)

Bestwish

24 公司总裁责怪人力资源部应该为毛利下降负责，因为近两年招的员工没有原来的员工有技术和有动力。

1.忽视其他原因

Bestwish

25 一个公司要省新员工培训费，决定让老员工参加一个program，记录他们的habits and activities,让新员工follow，以省去高昂的cost

1.老员工的不一定适合新员工啊，时代在变化嘛
2.可能老员工参加的program也会花费很多

Bestwish

26. AA是一个名叫George的人两年前开了一个餐馆在Sallon town，这个Sallon TOWN正好有一个人数thousands of students,生意非常好，所以George根据这个觉得有必要在临近的城镇再开三家，以创造更多profit,他就叫在他手下训练的三个跟他的employees去当三家分店经理，GEORGE认为会如在Sallon的餐馆一样，会生意一样好，请发表看法

1. 其他地方的顾客可能没有第一家餐馆的地方多，没那么多students，所以不一定生意好。错误类比吧。
2. 雇员当分店经理了可能管理水平不行啦之类的。

Bestwish

27.Oak CITY 在downtown 开了一家shopping mall, then many businesses closed 车位也减少并且逮捕的罪犯上升，因为这些都发生在shopping mall 开以后，所以都是因为shopping mall的原因，建议以后不要在这个城市的其他地方开shopping mall了！
[V2] AA 在一个城市新开了一个shopping mall，周围其他business 关门了。Parking lots 变得短缺了，抓的罪犯流浪汉多了，因此不应该再建这种shoppingmall 了。 题库里有的。
The following editorial appeared in the Elm City paper:
“The construction last year of a shopping mall in downtown Oak City was a mistake. Since the mall has opened, a number of local businesses have closed, and the downtown area suffers from an acute parking shortage, and arrests for crime and vagrancy have increased in the nearby Oak City Park. Elm City should pay attention to the example of the Oak City mall and deny the application to build a shopping mall in Elm City.”

1.        作者所给出的所有问题和商场的建设都是时间上的前后关系而没有给出证据显示他们的因果关系
2.        作者只给出了不好的结果而没有给出好的影响很可能权衡利弊之后被选择的是要开这个商场
3.        这个商场的建立不应该也不能由此就否定以后所有的商场的建立

1，        To begin with, the author fails to establish the causal relationship between the shopping mall's opening and the closing of local businesses.
2，        Moreover, the author's conclusion is also based on the assumption that the shopping mall has caused the increase in crime and vagrancy.
3，        Finally, even if the shopping mall did cause the closing of local business and the increasing crime and vagrancy in Oak City, the author's prediction that Elm City will suffer from the same fate as Oak City is still open to doubt.
In the first place, the author assumes that addition of the new mall is the cause of the various problems cited. The only evidence offered to support this claim is that the construction of the mall occurred before these problems manifested themselves. However, this evidence is insufficient to establish the claim in question. A chronological relationship is only one of the indicators of a causal relationship between two events.
In the second place, the author has focused only on negative effects the mall has had on the city. A more detailed analysis of the situation might reveal that the positive benefits for the city far outweigh the problems on which the author focuses. For example, new jobs might have been created for the residents of Oak City, and tax revenues might have been increased for the city. Lacking a more comprehensive analysis of the impact of the mail on Oak City, it is presumptuous on the part of the author to conclude that Oak City’s decision to allow the mall to be built was incorrect.