2010年托福考试语法题笔记14

lisalee

1. As sweeteners, there is very small difference between honey and sucrose, although the former does contain minimal quantities of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids.
答案：B
分析及考点：形容词误用。修饰不可数名词表示小的形容词，应该用little.
参考译文：作为甜料，蜂蜜和蔗糖之间的差别很细微。尽管前者确实包含有少量的维他命、矿物质和氨基酸。

2. Cultivated for salad since ancient times, lettuce is harvesting before its flower stem shoots up to bear its small yellow flowers.
答案：B
分析及考点：动词形式的误用。应该用被动形式，harvested
参考译文：从古代就种植用于色拉食用，生菜在它花茎生出去支持它的小黄花之前就被收割了。

3. Phonological structure encodes speak sounds as a sequence of vocal tract configurations —— successive positions of the larynx, jaw, lips, tongue, and velum.
答案：A
分析及考点：单词形式的误用。修饰名词要用形容词，所以改成它的形容词形式spoken
参考译文：声音体系的结构，是把发声声音作为一系列声道的构造来编码，这些构造取自于喉、下颚、唇、舌头和小舌头的连续的位置。

4. The steamship contributed of the development of fast news-gathering during the nineteenth century.
答案：B
分析及考点：介词误用。Contribute to固定搭配。
参考译文：在19世纪，汽船对快速的信息收集过程的发展做出了贡献。

5. The 1880's saw not only the creation of the curtain wall and wind-braced iron frame also the architectural mastery of these structural devices.
答案：B
分析及考点：连词的固定搭配，not only….but also.
参考译文：1880年的人，不仅仅看到了窗帘幕墙和抗风支撑的铁架结构窗的发明创造，而且也看到了这些结构设计在建筑上的运用。

6. A century ago, women made quilts only not to keep their families warm but also to express their artistic abilities.
答案：C
分析及考点：连词固定搭配，not only…but also…
参考译文：一个世纪以前，女性缝制被子不仅是为了家人保暖，也是想表现她们的艺术能力。

7. The building knew as the Capitol is situated on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., and it houses the legislative branch of the United States government.
答案：A
分析及考点：词性误用。定语从句省略结构修饰the building，所以改成known as.
参考译文：众所周知的国会大厦座落在华盛顿的国会山，它包含了美国政府的立法机构。

lisalee

　　8. A person or business with more debts than assets for meeting debt payment may to declare legal bankruptcy.
　　答案：D
　　分析及考点：情态动词使用，直接跟动词原形，所以把to去掉，may declare.
　　参考译文：个人或企业在债务支付过程中，如果资产不抵债务的时候，可以宣布合法破产。
　　9. The first stethoscope——the kind of instrument what has come to symbolize medicine around the world ——was constructed in 1816.
　　答案：B
　　分析及考点：定语从句连接词误用。改成which.
　　参考译文：听诊器，成为全球医学的象征的仪器，最早是在1816年建造的。
　　pumpkin补充: 改成that可能好些??
　　10. It is said that no potential frontier has such fired the imagination or challenged the ingenuity of humankind as has space.
　　答案：B
　　分析及考点：难。考的是so……as结构，such是形容词不能修饰动词，而so是副词可以。
　　参考译文：据说没有其他潜在的新领域能够像太空这样激发人类的想象力，对人类的聪明才智提出挑战。
　　11. The Congress of the United States can initiate legislation and significantly amend or rejection Presidential legislative proposals.
　　答案：C
　　分析及考点：or连接的平行对称结构中，amend是动词，所以这里应该改成reject
　　参考译文：美国国会能够颁布法令，并最大程度的修正或否决总统的立法提案。
　　12. Through his paintings, Edward Hopper depicted the isolation, lonely, and lack of variety of the daily life of small-town America.
　　答案：B
　　分析及考点：词性的变换。and连接的平行对称结构中，都是名词，所以这里应改成loneliness
　　参考译文：Edward Hopper通过他的画，描述了小镇化美国的孤立，孤独和平淡。
　　13. The chief editorial concern in magazine publishing is presenting a mix of news, information, and entertain, all targeted at the audience the magazine seeks to reach.
　　答案：C
　　分析及考点：and连接的平行对称结构中，都是名词，或不可数单数，或可数复数，所以改成entertainment
　　参考译文：杂志发行中主要的编辑问题是把所有面向杂志所要吸引的观众的新闻、信息和娱乐混合在一起表现出来。