和大家讨论几道题! 谢谢!

bessette

1. The value of a product is determined by the ratio of its quality to its price. The higher the value of a product, the better will be its competitive position. Therefore, either increasing the quality or lowering the price of a given product will increase the likelihood that consumer will select that product rather than a competing one.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn above?
(A) It is possible to increase both the quality and the price of a product without changing its competitive position.
(B) For certain segments of the population of consumers, higher-priced brands of some product lines are preferred to the lower-priced brands.
(C) Competing products often try to appeal to different segments of the population of consumers.
(D) The competitive position of a product can be affected by such factors as advertising and brand loyalty.
(E) Consumers' perceptions of the quality of a product are based on the actual quality of the product.

为什么A不对,C是怎样加强的?

2. The excessive number of safety regulation that the federal government has placed on industry poses more serious hardships for big businesses than for small ones. Since large companies do everything on a more massive scale, they must alter more complex operations and spend much more money to meet governmental requirements.
Which of the following , if true, would most weaken the argument above?
(A) Small companies are less likely than large companies to have the capital reserves for improvements.
(B) The operation codes are uniform, established without reference to size of company.
(C) Safety regulation codes are uniform, established without reference to size of company.
(D) Large companies typically have more of their profits invested in other businesses than do small companies.
(E) Large companies are in general more likely than small companies to diversify the markets and products.

我觉得C比A更能削弱argument

3.The population of elephant seals,reduced by hunting to perhaps a few dozen animals early in this century,has soared under federal protection during the last few decades.However,because the species repopulated itself through extensive inbreeding,it now exhibits a genetic uniformity that is almost unparalleled in other species of mammals,and thus it is in far greater danger of becoming extinct than are most other species.
Given the information in the passage above,which of the following is most likely the reason that other species of mammals are less likely that elephant seals to become extint?
(A)Other species of mammals have large populations,so the loss of a few members of the species is not significant.
(B)Other species of mammals have increased their knowledge of dangers through the experience of generation after generation of animals.
(C)In other species of mammals,hunters can readily distinguish between males of between young animals and adults.
(D)In other species of mammals,some members of the species are genetically better equipped to withstand a disease or event that destroys other members of the species.
(E)Other species of mammals have retained habits of caution and alertness because they have not been protected as elephant species.

虽然用排除法选出D,但不太清楚the line of reasoning

17. Advertiser: The revenue that newspapers and magazines earn by publishing advertisements allows publishers to keep the prices per copy of their publications much lower than would otherwise be possible. Therefore, consumers benefit economically from advertising.
Consumer: But who pays for the advertising that pays for low-priced newspapers and magazines? We consumers do, because advertisers pass along advertising costs to us through the higher prices they charge for their products.
Which of the following best describes how the consumer counters the advertiser's argument?
(A) By alleging something that, if true, would weaken the plausibility of the advertiser's conclusion
(B) By questioning the truth of the purportedly factual statement on which the advertiser's conclusion is based
(C) By offering an interpretation of the advertiser's opening statement that, if accurate, shows that there is an implicit contradiction in it
(D) By pointing out that the advertiser's point of view is biased
(E) By arguing that the advertiser too narrowly restricts the discussion to the effects of advertising that are economic

C中的implicit contradiction 指什么? 我怎么觉得每一个选项是对的?

key:EADC

劳驾各位帮忙看看!

tongxun

1、答案是你上面的C吧。E 有些驳斥，因为从E 中可以感觉有否定价格浮动对竞争力影响的因素，这与题目中所将的两个因素有冲突。
A：开头的it is possible一看就不招人喜欢。
   主要原因：他说的是双增长，而题目是质量增长、价格下降。
C：吸引不同人群的方法：质量为主、价格为主。与原文一致。
2、不同意你的说法。
  A：小公司连钱都没有，怎么提高？着不就增加了他的经营难度吗？但大公司还有储备金可用，那对他的影响将不大。WEAKEN了原文。
C：安全标准一样，不关公司大小。那若真的象文章中所将的，大公司的处境，那这些法规对大公司的影响不就大了吗？ 有支持的作用。

bessette

不好意思,1的答案是E,但我不明白E是怎样加强的?
谢谢 tongxun

Kilroy

1 有点搞，刚一看觉得所有选项都不对。C里面没提到产品的质量和价格，对原文并不支持
   E说客户觉得一个产品质量好，看重的是它的真实质量水平，而不是通过广告和PROMOTION手段造成的假象质量好，因此对原文有支持作用。
2 同意tongxun的观点
3 E-SEAL由于它基因型的特殊性（由于近亲繁殖造成的基因型单一）比别的动物更加容易灭绝。所以选答案D，说其它动物的基因优势，对恶劣环境抵抗力强，不容易灭绝。
17 Ad宣称C可以从广告中得到好处，而Co解释他们已经通过购买广告宣传的产品付出的费用，抵消了广告给他们带来的好处，从而间接地反驳了Ad的STATEMENT。也就是答案C的内容

tongxun

实际上就是说质量的提高可以增加销售量、竞争能力。

以上是补充kilroy的第一题对E的解释

bessette

Kilroy,tongxun:

我觉得Consumer的意思是说: 但是付给报刊和杂志的钱最终都是由消费者自己承担的,制造商(advertiser)只不过通过提高产品价格将这些广告费转嫁给消费者了.

而C的意思是:消费者提出了一种对Advertiser's opening statement 的解释,指出了opening statement 中内在的矛盾.  但实际上消费者并没有指出Advertiser's statement 中有什么内在矛盾阿?? 如果C改成 By offering an interpretation of the advertiser's statement to show the actual origin of the advertising costs.

请高手指正!!谢谢!

Kilroy

bessette,你看是否可以这样理解：
广告商认为是由于他们的广告使消费者少花钱（卖报纸），而消费者认为他们没有少花钱，
因为由于广告的成本，使他们比原来花更多的前购买商品。
NAMELY，消费者从另外一个角度来解释publishing advertisements 的结果，来contradict广告商前面的观点consumers benefit economically from advertising.

bessette

Kilroy: 谢谢!

你看我是不是没有理解C的意思, C中的那个that clause是不是修饰的an interpretation的, 也就是说消费者是用一个带有implicit contradiction 的interpretation 来counter advertiser's statement. that clause 中的contradiction 解释为 反驳\驳斥

如果是这样拿我就只能跳楼了!

princess

bessette:你的理解完全正确
我觉得Kilroy解释的很清楚了，消费者从另一个角度（也就是说implicit）反驳了广告商

PS:这道题的答案原来是C啊，我下载的费yj逻辑讲义上的答案竟然是A,害得我对答案的时候郁闷了半天

开若兰

可是我手上的资料显示这道题的参考答案是(A)，而且在http://bbs.gter.net/bbs/thread-102407-1-1.html 有对这道题的详解（第四题）。