[转帖][分享]AWA总结（分类，模板，素材）（1）

[分享]AWA总结（分类，模板，素材）（1）
一：***ISSUE题目类型分类*** 一、概括性陈述类： 1、直接表明立场并给出论据进行阐述：94 2, 6-9, 11, 13-17, 20-22, 24-28, 30-34, 36, 39, 41, 42, 44, 45, 47, 49, 51, 54, 55, 59-61, 63-68, 70-72, 74-76, 81, 84-89, 92-94, 96-104, 106-117, 119-127, 130, 132, 134-136, 2、对概括性陈述进行解释后，表明立场并给出论据进行阐述：7 4, 32, 56, 58, 77, 79, 83, 3、对概括性陈述的正确性或有效性进行判断，给出论据进行阐述：7 12, 18, 35, 38, 52, 57, 80, 4、特殊问法类型：6 29: 进行解释后，判断是否值得遵循，同2类 50: 判断是否是有效的方法，如果不是应该采取那些其他的方法？ 53: 从客户角度论述“用户友好”和“用户不友好” 73: 判断是否是好的建议，给出论据进行阐述，同1类 62, 82：同1类二、两类进行比较类：23 3, 5, 10, 19, 23, 37, 40, 43, 46, 48, 69, 78, 90, 95, 105, 118, 128, 129, 131, 133, 138-140, 三、 “是否”做某事类：2 1, 137 ***ISSUE题目专题分类*** 一、 Environmental Protection & Energy Protection: 6 1、 responsibility for preserving the natural environment: 13 responsibility for preventing environmental damage: 47 2、 the way to preserve environment: 41 3、 the response to suspected environmental hazards: (1) in light of company: 42 (2) in light of government: 92 4、 energy protection and international corporation: 2 二、 Architecture: 4 1、 architecture as the reflections of societal values and attitudes: 16, 83, 97, 2、 the historic value of older buildings: 78 三、 Mass media, Information, and Entertainment: 5 1、 whether the growth of mass media is good or not: 139 2、 how to obtain the information efficiently and wisely: 108 3、 the restriction: (1) censorship of radio and TV programs: 1 (2) regulate children's access to adult material on the internet: 15 4、 whether popular entertainment is overly influenced by commercial interests: 54 四、 Success: 10 1、 the definition of success: 6 2、 the elements of success: (1) education as the key to success: 12, 103 (2) hard work as the key to success: 49 (3) focusing on the task rather than the result: 29 3、 how to succeed: (1) in light of person: setting goals: 52 (2) in light of business: conformists or non-conformists: 81 4、 the relation of success and personal failure: 11 5、 the relation of professional success and personal sacrifices: 39 6、 children's growth: self-discipline vs. self-esteem: 95 五、 Advertising: 6 1、 advertisements as reflections of a nation's ideas: 32 2、 advertising as influence art: 85 3、 advertising: appeal to emotion vs. reason: 86 4、 should school teach consumerism because businesses use high-quality advertising to sell low-quality products: 28 5、 whether investment in high-quality advertising can sell almost any product and service: 44 6、 do companies and organizations have right to contact potential customers and donors whenever and however they wish: 135 六、 Education: 9 1、 what should our schools teach? (1) academic skills vs. ethical & social values: 23 (2) science & technology vs. art & humanities: 37 (3) specialized information & techniques vs. general approach to learning: 123 (4) factual information & skills vs. ethics: 136 2、 educational method and system: (1) educational method: distance learning vs. traditional way: 99 (2) educational system: ① competition: 100 ② unity vs. diversity: 62 ③ highly structured environment vs. relative freedom and spontaneity: 140 3、 after-school education: 126 七、 Automation & Technology: 4 1、 the role of automation in our lives: 20 2、 technology and adjusting to job obsolescence: 87 3、 technology: separate people vs. bring people together: 115 4、 advancements in technology and business lead to better life: 112 八、 Studying history: 2 1、 the importance of studying history: 43 2、 studying history: a waste of time? : 89 九、 Advice: 3 1、 giving advice to other people: 7 2、 "following one's instincts." is good advice or not: 73 3、 tell people what to do, never tell people how to do: 55 十、 Social Problems: 3 1、 crimes (1) business' social duty regarding juvenile crimes: 59 (2) how to stop serious crimes: 127 2、 the problems caused by cars: 102 十一、 Historical Sites and Archeological Treasures: 2 1、 how to protect archeological treasures- remain in the country vs. export to other country: 106 2、 how to protect historical sites: restrict vs. free: 138 十二、 Learning Society & Measuring Nation's value: 2 1、 learning society: observing people's leisure time vs. observing their work time: 131 2、 measuring a nation's value: scientific achievement vs. business success: 105 十三、 About Government: 5 1、 the relationship of company and government: (1) government as a necessary burden on business: 61 (2) government should not be responsible for regulating businesses and other organizations: 131 2、 government's responsibility for art: (1) government's responsibility regarding the arts: 22 (2) government provide funds only for the arts that reflect the values and attitudes of the majority: 117 3、 what should government increase spending on: 114 十四、 Bureaucracy: 2 1、 government bureaucracy: 63 2、 bureaucracy's impact in business and government: 46 十五、 About Human Beings: 15 1、 what makes people impressed (1) restraint in the use of power: 4 (2) rule-breaker: 74 2、 what motivate people: self-interest and fear: 75 3、 respecting one another's difference: 57 4、 our saving and borrowing habits: 80 5、 our role as citizens of the world: 40 multinational corporations and global homogeneity: 65 6、 accepting blame for hated actions and words: 88 7、 loyalty to political parities and leaders hinders the people's ability to form their won opinion: 119 8、 people soon tire of the status quo: 113 9、 accepting or rejecting an idea: presentation vs. merit: 122 10、 the test for genius: 77 11、 immediate desires and long-term needs: 104 12、 man and woman: (1) meeting women's needs in workplace: 82 (2) in business, men and women have learned how to share power effectively: 98 十六、 Relationship of Work and Personnel Life: 3 1、 employee's personnel lives: as separate as possible from workplace: 9 2、 should employees take work home with them: 30 3、 how work affects our personal lives: 67 十七、 Leaders & Leadership: 5 1、 power and influence: business vs. government: 24 2、 earning respect as a leader: 33 3、 the qualifications as a leader: (1) decision-making: 76 (2) maintaining the highest ethical standards: 111 (3) solving problems by simple, immediate solutions: 125 十八、 About Products: 5 1、 process vs. products: 10 2、 products liability: 66 3、 ethical constraints in creating and marketing products: 70 4、 informing customers about products and services: 84 5、 manufacturing products that do not last can reduce costs and stimulate demand: 90 十九、 Business & Commerce: 4 1、 the final objective of business: 58 2、 the secret of business: 56 3、 imposing limits on commercialism: 71 improving practice unethical: refusal to buy vs. legislative action: 101 二十、 About Management and Business: 36 1、 organization (1) hierarchical vs. flat: 3 (2) the importance of a clear hierarchy: 14 2、 company's goal and social duty: (1) making money vs. serving society: 18 (2) profit vs. public welfare: 64, 118 (3) ethical business conduct and maximizing profits: 45 3、 recruitment: (1) hiring criteria for entry-level jobs: 19 (2) accessing personality traits in hiring employees: 48 (3) objective information vs. subjective interview: 130 4、 the factors of business: (1) location: still the key to business success: 26 (2) job satisfaction and security: 27 (3) short-term thinking as a business disease: 35 (4) hiring capable people as a key business strategy: 25 (5) is competition good for a business: 51 (6) giving employees as much freedom as possible: 94 (7) moving job frequently: 124 5、 how to improve the employee's efficiency: (1) rewarding employees: job performance and tenure: 21 (2) responding to employee performance: 50 (3) effects of employee incentives: 72 6、 who are important in a company: (1) most valuable employees: efficiency vs. quality: 128 (2) managers with strong leadership skills vs. managers with expertise and work experience: 133 7、 the factors of efficiency: (1) workplace design and employee input: 68 (2) formality in dress and behavior: 121 8、 the relationship of managers and employees: (1) employee's loyalty: 93 (2) employees should not be asked to provide evaluation of their supervisor: 134 personnel evaluation: multidirectional: 110 9、 teamwork and personal ability: (1) sharing decision-making: 5 (2) teamwork vs. individual energy and commitment: 36 10、 the best way to assign work: 107 11、 advice of outside experts vs. advice of inside highly experienced employees: 129 12、 children employees: 96 13、 employees participate in profit-making decision: 116 14、 the privacy of employees: (1) access to personal information about employee: 60 (2) employees should not have full access to their personal files: 109 15、 employees use email to express their opinions about the company: accept vs. prohibit: 137 二十一、 Others: 1、 monetary system: 8 2、 financial gain as a factor in choosing a career: 31 3、 time management and flexibility: 17 4、 potential benefits of mandatory public services: 34 5、 everyday courtesy as an endangered art: 38 6、 user-friendly: 53 7、 social skills as purchasable commodities: 79