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几道GMAT逻辑题
The Rienzi, a passenger ship, sank as a result of a hole in its hull, possibly caused by sabotage. Normally when a holed ship sinks as rapidly as the Rienzi did, water does not enter the ship quickly enough for the ship to be fully flooded when it reaches the ocean floor. Full flooding can be achieved, however, by sabotage. Any ship that sinks deep into the ocean when not fully flooded will implode. Deep-sea photographs of the Rienzi where it rests on the ocean floor, reveal that it did not implode. Which one of the following must be true on the basis of the information above?
A) The Rienzi was so constructed as to reduce the risk of sinking by impact.
B) If the Rienzi became fully flooded, it did so only after it reached the ocean floor.
C) If the Rienzi was not sunk by sabotage, water flooded into it unusually fast.
D) If the Rienzi had sunk more slowly it would have imploded.
E) The Rienzi was so strongly constructed as to resist imploding under deep-sea pressure.
选C。为什么是C？
Nearly all mail that is correctly addressed arrives at its destination within two business days of being sent. In fact, correctly addressed mail takes longer than this only when it is damaged in transit. Overall, however, most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent. If the statements above are true, which one of the following must be true?
A) A large proportion of the mail that is correctly addressed is damaged in transit.
B) No incorrectly addressed mail arrives within two business days of being sent.
C) Most mail that arrives within two business days of being sent is correctly addressed.
D) A large proportion of mail is incorrectly addressed.
E) More mail arrives within two business days of being sent than arrives between two and three business days after being sent.
选D。为什么选A就不对？
Some philosophers of science claim that no serious scientific theory can be tested experimentally without taking for granted some other body of scientific beliefs, for we cannot interpret any experimental results without relying on such beliefs. If this is true, then which of the following conclusions seems most likely?
A) Any particular scientific theory can be consistently retained, even in the face of apparently incompatible evidence, if we are willing to give up certain other scientific beliefs.
B) Experimental evidence is really irrelevant to scientific theorizing.
C) Experimental evidence is more relevant to the testing of scientific theories than to their initial formulation.
D) Experimental evidence is more relevant to the initial formulation of scientific theories than to their testing.
E) The best scientific theories are those which are formulated in such a way as to be subject to conclusive experimental refutation.
选A。 我不太理解为什么选它。
Mr. Frank loren owns a house in the small town of Rayleigh Harbor. None of the residents of Rayleigh Harbor pay any local property taxes anywhere else. Also, Rayleigh Hargbor exempts residents from local property taxes on their homes if they are over 70 years of age.
Which of the following must also be true?
A) Mr. Loren pays no local rpoperty tax in Rayleigh Harbor though he may pay such taxes elsewhere.
B) Mr. Loren pays no local property taxes anywhere
C) If Mr. Loren is over 70 years of age, he pays no local property taxes anywhere
D) If Mr. Loren is over 70 years of age, he pays no local property taxes in Rayleigh Harbor but perhaps he does elsewhere
E) None of the preceding conclusions follow from the stated assumptions
The answer is E. Why choose E and what is meaning of “Rayleigh Hargbor exempts residents from local property taxes on their homes if they are over 70 years of age.”?
Susan: The President claims to understand the problems faced by the poor. I think he's being hypocritical. The President came from a wealthy family and has never had to work for a living or suffer the problems of poverty.
Paul: Your reasoning is faulty. After all, you yourself come from a comfortably middle-class family and have never been poor either.
Which of the following possible responses by Susan would most directly address Paul's criticism?
A) I am not the President, so understanding and solving the problems faced by the poor is not my responsibility.
B) It isn't always necessary to have personal experience of a problem to understand what the problem is like.
C) I never claimed to understand the problems faced by the poor, but the President has made such a claim.
D) It is true that I have never been poor, but I have never been as wealthy as the President is, either.
E) My family was a poor immigrant family as little as fifty years ago; all they have was earned through their own hard work.
选C。 为什么A不行？
In a monogamous culture, 90% of the adults are married. The average number of children per family is five and over-population is a threat. Programs to encourage birth-control have been ineffective. It has been suggested that this failure is due to these programs ignoring a tradition that values male children very highly, so that every parent wants to have at least one son. It is proposed that couples be encouraged to use birth-control measures after the birth of their first son. If this proposal is widely accepted in the culture, we may expect that:
A) the rate of population increase will be slowed, and future generations will contain a disproportionately high number of females.
B) the rate of population increase will be slowed, and the gender balance in future generations will remain as it is at present.
C) the rate of population growth will remain the same, and future generations will contain a disproportionately high number of females.
D) there will be no significant effect either on population growth or on gender balance.
E) the population will decline precipitously, because approximately half of all families will have only a single child.
选B。为什么性别平衡不变 |
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