og-155

victoria_cc

155.


The proportion of women among students enrolled in higher education programs has increased over the past decades. This is partly shown by the fact that in 1959, only 11 percent of the women between twenty and twenty-one were enrolled in college, while in 1981, 30 percent of the women between twenty and twenty-one were enrolled in college.





To evaluate the argument above, it would be most useful to compare 1959 and 1981 with regard to which of the following characteristics?





(A) The percentage of women between twenty and twenty-one who were not enrolled in college


(B) The percentage of women between twenty and twenty-five who graduated from college


(C) The percentage of women who, after attending college, entered highly paid professions


(D) The percentage of men between twenty and twenty-one who were enrolled in college


(E) The percentage of men who graduated from high school





155.


The argument presents a substantial increase in the proportion of women between twenty and twenty-one who were enrolled in college as evidence that there was an increase in the proportion of higher education students who were women. This evidence would lack force if a similar increase in college enrollment had occurred among men. Choice D is therefore the best answer.





Since percentages of men graduating from high school do not indicate the percentages enrolling in college that year, choice E is incorrect. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the information they refer to, being about women only, does not facilitate a comparison of women’s enrollment to men’s enrollment in higher education programs.





请问D为何能评价结论 不太理解



谢谢

Gabby308

原文结论是The proportion of women among students 。女性在全部学生（包括男生和女生）中的比例。而证据确是percent of the women between twenty and twenty-one were enrolled in college。该年龄段所有妇女中进大学的比例。要从证据推出结论，缺的是男生的数据。D补充了这个数据。注意原文是讲20到21之间女生，其他年龄段无关。

victoria_cc

谢谢你的解答 我大致明白了 仍有一点疑问

女性20-21岁的比例增加如何能说明The proportion of women among students 的增加

列个数学式子 女生人数为F 男生人数为M

F/(F+M)增加   F增加 要加强它 要说明M下降

也就是说 这个式子中 要用人数的增加或减少来说明 不能用比例来说明 因为如果是比例 还涉及一个变量即女生的总人数是否有变动

这个我想了好久 我哪里不对呢

谢谢

Gabby308

假如男孩上学增长速度比女孩快，则说明女孩比例没增加。WEAKEN。反之，则说明女孩比例增加。SUPPORT。当然这其中有个假设，就是男女比例不变。不过因为是WEAKEN和SUPPORT，就不需要这个假设了，因为不需要MUST BE。

panbangzhu

可是知道的是比率并不是绝对数值，怎么能够得出上学增长的速度呢？男生原来如果是1000人，20%，就是200

如果现在总数100，就算是100%也只有100人啊！明显是下降啊！可是比率是上升的！

难道能够说明女生上学的人就多了么？？

不懂不懂！

hebby0513

这题主要在问evaluate而不是prove
能evaluate的条件必须和被evaluate的东西产生联系

近几十年来，高等教育中的女生占比提升了
我们可以从20-21岁年龄段的女生参与高等教育的比例提升看出

Key：women among students (including men and women)
what we got: percent of woman between twenty and twenty-one
what we don't have yet: situation of other group in students (between twenty and twenty-one)