新东方补充教材265T

alex

265.Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes [U]that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity[/U].
A.
B.of producing and understanding it have revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity
C.by which it is produced and understood has revealed not underlying simplicity but great complexity
D.by which it is produced and understood have revealed great complexity rather than underlying simplicity
E.by which one produces and understands it have revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity

初看此题，以为考not...but, rather than, instead of 三者优先关系，故选C，请问谁能分析A/C两个答案的优劣？

Louisa_xy

答案应该在A\C里选，因为要用单数谓语动词 has.A/C哪一个更好，需要从修饰processes的定语从句判断。
A. produce 和make 是平行的关系，都是及物动词，"it understandable"是produce 和make的共同宾语，但是produce it understandable讲不通
C.it is produced and understood 意思清晰

justag

good point!!! I read the questions more than once, and still neglect the trap: procude it and make it understandable (the first "it" can't be omited to prevent confuse)

天山一绝

A 中that 应该指代nature, 所以谓语应该用单数第三人称，故A错。

Louisa_xy

A C 里的it都是指代nature

alex

先谢谢诸位！
就这题，再深入问个问题：定从引导词that指代谁？在新东方上课时将，that应该就近指代，即process,但这样显然不能理解原句。我认为，应该按照传统语法，跳过中间修饰成分（during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes)直接指代research。

Louisa_xy

that指的是process，产生nature并使nature可被理解的process.如果that不能指research,
不是research产生了语言的特点。

alex

tks

VICTOR_JZG

My God! I found the explanations upstairs quite illusive!
I think the choice A is the correct one.

"Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity."
句子结构没有问题吧?
说that produce and make it understandable的错误,偶觉得应该可以省略共同的宾语it的.
比如: I found the apple smelt good, so I bought (some of them) and ate some of them.此处省略应该比不省好一些.


C.by which it is produced and understood has revealed not [U]underlying simplicity[/U] but [U]great complexity[/U]
先不谈by which的用法, not...but...后面应该接对等的成分吧?
underlying是动作性的现在分词, great complexity是名词呀! 如果非要用not...but...,至少应该是underlying not simplicity but great complexity吧.可是这样意思对吗?
再看by which:it is produced by which,是乎可以接受,但是it is understood by which怎么理解?偶觉得没有make it understandable好一些.

[em21][em21][em21]

joywzy

C中，是not, but 后面是名词并列， underlying 此时修饰的是名词。