og12-25

elsachialee

25. Based on accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, “the good goddess.”

(A)  Based on accounts of various ancient writers,

(B)  Basing it on various ancient writers’ accounts,

(C)  With accounts of various ancient writers used

for a basis,

(D)  By the accounts of various ancient writers

they used,

(E)  Using accounts of various ancient writers,

OG对于C的解释是这样子的：C this choice is wordy and awkward.

D this choice is wordy and awkward.

我想问的是：wordy和awkward在哪了？如果C是With accounts of various ancient writers （used for a basis）,粉色部分做modifer这样理解可以么？如果D是：By the accounts of various ancient writers（they used）they used做modifer，也应该理解的通啊，就是独立主格到底什么怎么样的呢？如果把c和d的粉色部分都去掉，正确么

shijianfeile

By和through的区别也是一个考点啦
by一般修饰实义动词，描述的是某个行为的方式和手段
through记得manhattan说过接的多是一种工具through the use of···
through和by的区别：表示“通过做B达成了A（A已经做到）”时倾向于through，表示“通过做B做A(A还在被做)”时倾向用by
独立主格三种形式：
1)一般形式（独立部分与主句部分无太多关联）n.+n.，n.+V-ed/v-ing，n.+介词短语/形容词短语
2)with形式（与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系）：with+宾语+宾补，如：with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/介词短语/形容词短语
3)each形式（必须前面有复数名词）： each+v-ed/v-ing，each+介词短语/形容词短语，each+n.+介词短语
*：with型独立主格在GMAT中常常被判累赘

elsachialee

受教了。。多谢。。