AA 逻辑 13宗罪

Here are all the flaws I copied from Thomson Peterson’s “Writing skills for the GRE/GMAT test”. There are more than 7 flaws that you know now. I think it’s useful because it’s easier to select 3 flaws for any AA from a flaw pool. I also include the OG’s numbers of AA issue (Not Sunyuan’s number!). The numbers don’t cover all the AA issues. Just to show how the flaws act like. Flaws: 1.Confusing a Cause-and-Effect Relationship with a Mear Correlation or TerpoRal Sequence. Many GMAT Arguments rely on the clain that certain events cause other certain events. A cause-and effect claim might be based on a. A significant correlation between the occurrence of two phenomna(both phenomna generally occur together), or b. A temporal relationship between the two (one event occurred after another). OG Number: 23,28,37,42,48,74,84,89,93,105,124. 2. Drawing a weak analogy between two things. OG number: 37,71,79,84,93,95,105,117,122,124 3. Relying on a potentially unrepresentative statistical samples. a. the sample must be significant in size(number) as a portion of the overall population. b. The sample must be representative of the overall population in terms of relevant characteristics. OG number: 8,74,98. 4. Relying on tainted resulted from a survey or poll. a. The survey or poll responses must be credible(truthful and accurate). If respondents have reason to provide incomplete or false responses, the results are tainted and unreliable. b. The method of collecting the data must be unbiased. If responses are no mandatory or if the survey’s form predisposes subjects to respond in certain ways, then the results are tainted and unreliable. OG numbers: 8,98,122 5. Assuming that a certain condition is necessary and /or sufficient for a certain outcome a. the course of action is necessary to achieve a desired result. b. The course of action is sufficient to achieve the desired result. OG numbers: 28,53,59,79,89,93,117,124 6. Assuming that characteristics of a group apply to each group member(or vice Versa) OG numbers: 48,89 7. Assuming that all things remain unchanged over time 23,28,53,79,131 8. Failing to define important terms. An argument might rely on a certain term without providing an adequate definition of it OG numbers: 23,71,89,122 9. Relying on vague or ambiguous evidence: OG numbers: 48, 84 10. Drawing a conclusion that is too broad in degree or scope OG numbers: 48, 59 11. Assuming that two course of action are mutually exclusive OG numbers: 71,79 12. Arguing simultaneously fro two competing objectives OG numbers: 59 13. Engaging in circular reasoning: OG numbers: 42 Sunyuan number =OG number while OG number<=53 Sunyuan number = OG number+1 while 54<=OG number<=69 Sunyuan number =OG number+2 while 70<=OG number<=87 Sunyuan number=OG number+3 while 88<=OG number<=94 Sunyuan number= OG number+5 while 95<= OG number<=97 Sunyuan number=OG number+6 while OG number>=98 I am going to have GMAT test at 12/21, and just start to prepare AWA today. There are just several days ahead and I am so scared! Because I am in north America, it’s impossible for me to apply for a Banzhu because of the different time zone, which means I cannot do the summary in time. And I also cannot buy books on this website. Can somebody be kind enough to give me the password of October’s summary? Good luck to all! (Seems it has grammar problems[em16]) [upload=jpg]uploadImages/2002121739125990.jpg[/upload]