8. The widely accepted big bang theory holds that the
universe began in an explosive instant ten to twenty
billion years ago and has been expanding ever since.
(A)that the universe began in an explosive instant
ten to twenty billion years ago and has been
expanding
(B)that the universe had begun in an explosive
instant ten to twenty billion years ago and had
been expanding
(C)that the beginning of the universe was an
explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago
that has expanded
（D） the beginning of the universe to have been an
explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago
that is expanding
（E）the universe to have begun in an explosive
instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has
been expanding
OG中关于C和D选项的解释很奇怪，说C选项中的that是就近修饰的instant，而D选项中的that是修饰的beginning。请问怎么辨别that的修饰。
同问，还有e选项，og上说the verb phrases to have begun and has been expanding both reference the same subject of the clause, universe, and therefore need to be parallel.项怎么改才正确？ 谢谢大家了！
