GWD 13套CR分类总结--9套

myice

GWD-9-Q8:

Many large department stores in Montalia now provide shopping carts for their customers. Since customers using shopping carts tend to buy more than those without shopping carts, most of these stores are experiencing strong sales growth, while most other department stores are not. Therefore, in order to boost sales, managers of Jerrod’s, Montalia’s premier department store, are planning to purchase shopping carts and make them available to the store’s customers next month.

Which of the following, if true, casts most doubt whether the managers’ plan, if implemented, will achieve its goal?

A. Since most customers associate shopping carts with low-quality discount stores, Jerrod’s high-quality image would likely suffer if shopping carts were introduced.

B. Because the unemployment rate has declined to very low levels, Jerrod’s now has to pay significantly higher wages in order to retain its staff.

C. A number of department stores that did not make shopping carts available to their customers have had to close recently due to falling profits.

D. Shopping carts are not very expensive, but they generally need to be replaced every few years.

E. Stores that make shopping carts available to their customers usually have to hire people to retrieve the carts from parking areas.

 

[A] 理解答案A，关键透彻理解A的两层意思：1.J原来给人的印象是HIGH-QUALITY。2.SHOPPING CART给人的印象是low-quality.这两者的矛盾让人合理的想到引进shopping cart会使J的顾客去J的购买欲望受损，从而影响sales，即WEAKEN结论 E错在它只影响利润，结论讲的是SALE。无关

A：嗯，他因削弱

B：与原文的reasoning完全无关

C：加强吧

D：every few years无关；注意结论的特殊性

E：只要购入shopping carts都会有这个问题，无法削弱

myice

GWD-9-Q12:

A mosquito bite can transmit to a person the parasite that causes malaria, and the use of mosquito nets over children’s beds can significantly reduce the incidence of malarial infection for children in areas where malaria is common. Yet public health officials are reluctant to recommend the use of mosquito nets over children’s beds in such areas.

Which of the following, if true, would provide the strongest grounds for the public health officials’ reluctance?

A. Early exposure to malaria increases the body’s resistance to it and results in a lesser likelihood of severe life-threatening episodes of malaria.

B. Mosquito bites can transmit to people diseases other than malaria.

C. Mosquito nets provide protection from some insect pests other than mosquitoes.

D. Although there are vaccines available for many childhood diseases, no vaccine has been developed that is effective against malaria.

E. The pesticides that are most effective against mosquitoes in regions where malaria is common have significant detrimental effects on human health.

[A]

 

 

myice

GWD-9-Q14: 错了

The Eurasian ruffe, a fish species inadvertently不注意地 introduced into North America’s Great Lakes in recent years, feeds on the eggs of lake whitefish, a native species, thus threatening the lakes’natural ecosystem. To help track the ruffe’s spread, government agencies have produced wallet-sized cards about the ruffe. The cards contain pictures of the ruffe and explain the danger they pose; the cards also request anglers to report any ruffe they catch.

Which of the following, if true, would provide most support for the prediction that the agencies’ action will have its intended effect?

A. The ruffe has spiny fins that make it unattractive as prey.

B. Ruffe generally feed at night, but most recreational fishing on the Great Lakes is done during daytime hours.

C. Most people who fish recreationally on the Great Lakes are interested in the preservation of the lake whitefish because it is a highly prized高奖赏的 game fish.供垂钓的鱼

D. The ruffe is one of several nonnative species in the Great Lakes whose existence threatens the survival of lake whitefish populations there.

E. The bait that most people use when fishing for whitefish on the Great Lakes is not attractive to ruffe.

 

 

myice

[C] A的意思为RUFFE不是好猎物。和原文预测无关。C说在G湖的钓鱼的多数人喜欢钓WHITEFISH。又因为RUFFE以WHITEFISH的蛋为食，所以WHITEFISH多的地方RUFFE也一定多，这样钓到RUFFE的可能性就很大，跟踪RUFFE的行踪的目标更易达到，所以支持预测。

ruffe的确有害，但是政府现在的目的不是要灭了它，而是首先要track the ruffe's spread,政府不可能每天派一大笔人在湖边等着ruffe所以最有效的办法就是要人们参与进来积极举报鱼的行踪，所以政府作了很多小卡片让人们来带在身边，一是让人们了解这种鱼是什么样子，二是了解它有什么害处。但是这个计划的一个弱点就是如果人们都不配合，也就是拿了卡片就扔，看到ruffe也不通知政府，这个措施对于track the ruffe's spread的目的，显然是没有效果的！所以c加强说，因为人们有兴趣保护whitefish，那么当他们看到卡片说ruffe会残害whitefish的卡片会比较容易会配合政府来track ruffe。所以这个措施也就比较likely to have its intended effect==>to track the ruffe's spread.

BE是削弱，直接看到C的preservation of whitefish就可以选了

myice

GWD-9-Q16:错了

A diet high in saturated fats increases a person’s risk of developing heart disease. Regular consumption of red wine reduces that risk. Per-capita consumption of saturated fats is currently about the same in France as in the United States, but there is less heart disease there than in the United States because consumption of red wine is higher in France. The difference in regular red-wine consumption has been narrowing, but no similar convergence in heart-disease rates has occurred. convergence n.集中, 收敛

Which of the following, if true, most helps to account for the lack of convergence noted above?

A. Consumption of saturated fats is related more strongly to the growth of fatty deposits on artery动脉 walls, which reduce blood flow to the heart, than it is to heart disease directly.

B. Over the past 30 years, per-capita consumption of saturated fats has remained essentially unchanged in the United States but has increased somewhat in France.

C. Reports of the health benefits of red wine have led many people in the United States to drink red wine regularly.与原文重复

D. Cigarette smoking, which can also contribute to heart disease, is only slightly more common in France than in the United States.无关

E. Regular consumption of red wine is declining dramatically among young adults in France, and heart disease typically does not manifest itself until middle age.

 

myice

[E]饱和脂肪酸会增加心脏病的危险，但日常饮用红酒会减少这个危险。法国和美国人均对饱和脂肪酸的消费量是一样的，但法国的心脏病发病率低于美国，车为法国人喝更多的红酒。两国红酒的消费差距在减小（即美国赶上来了或法国消费量少了。），但心脏病的发病率还是一样（即美国没有因为多喝红酒而减少心脏病发病率）——即法国年轻人少喝红酒（虽然美国人没有多喝），但病情要到中年才发作，而美国人的消费正常，发病率和原先也一样。

如B所说，即法国的per-capita consumption of saturated fats 增加，则heart disease会增加，合美国的CONVERGENCE就有可能，与结论矛盾，解释不了lack of convergence noted。

原文给两个规律：FAT高HEART DISEASE也高。WINE低HEART DISEASE也低。

myice

过去：法国（FAT一样，WINE高，HEART DISEASE低）

美国（FAT一样，WINE低，HEART DISEASE高）

现在：WINE的差别已缩小，却HEART DISEASE没缩小。

B说美国的FAT没变，法国的FAT增加点，既然法国的FAT增加，HEART DISEASE也应增加，它和美国在HEART DISEASE方面的差距应缩小。但原文要你解释的是没缩小。

myice

GWD-9-Q20:

Which of the following most logically completes the reasoning?

Either food scarcity or excessive hunting can threaten a population of animals. If the group faces food scarcity, individuals in the group will reach reproductive maturity later than otherwise. If the group faces excessive hunting, individuals that reach reproductive maturity earlier will come to predominate. Therefore, it should be possible to determine whether prehistoric mastodons became extinct because of food scarcity or human hunting, since there are fossilized mastodon remains from both before and after mastodon populations declined, and ______.

A. there are more fossilized mastodon remains from the period before mastodon populations began to decline than from after that period与原文内容重复，无新信息，更多的化石也是这些信息。

B. the average age at which mastodons from a given period reached reproductive maturity can be established from their fossilized remains 和原文对应，原文讲的都是这两种因素对生育时间的影响。

C. it can be accurately estimated from fossilized remains when mastodons became extinct与灭绝时间无关

D. it is not known when humans first began hunting mastodons与人的狩猎无关

E. climate changes may have gradually reduced the food available to mastodons与气候无关

myice

拉拉理解：和原文对应，原文讲的都是这两种因素对生育时间的影响。AB易混。

原文知两个关系：如果FACE FOOD SCARCITY，则慢到reproductive maturity 。如果FACE EXCESSIVE HUNTING，则早到reproductive maturity （早到reproductive maturity 的占大多数）。

所以作者认为有可能确定M是由于FOOD SCARCITY灭绝，还是EXCESSIVE HUNTING灭绝。理由是有M数量减少前后的化石。另外，B说可从化石知道到达reproductive maturity 的平均年龄。因为如果减少前的reproductive maturity 年龄大于减少后的年龄，则原因是EXCCESIVE HUNTING（根据第二个关系）。如果小于，则是FOOD SCARCITY（第一个关系）

原文内容+选项，构成答案

 

myice

GWD-9-Q24:

GWD-10-Q7:

For similar cars and drivers, automobile insurance for collision damage has always cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont. Police studies, however, show that cars owned by Greatport residents are, on average, slightly less likely to be involved in a collision than cars in Fairmont. Clearly, therefore, insurance companies are making a greater profit on collision-damage insurance in Greatport than in Fairmont.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. Repairing typical collision damage does not cost more in Greatport than in Fairmont.

B. There are no more motorists in Greatport than in Fairmont.

C. Greatport residents who have been in a collision are more likely to report it to their insurance company than Fairmont residents are.

D. Fairmont and Greatport are the cities with the highest collision-damage insurance rates.

E. The insurance companies were already aware of the difference in the likelihood of collisions before the publication of the police reports.

[A]