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PREP的两道数学题
第一题:
In a certain boardgame, a stack of 48 cards, 8 of which represent shares of stock, are shuffledand then placed face down. If the first2 cards selected do not represent shares of stock, what is the probability thatthe third card selected will represent a share of stock?
(A) 1/8
(B) 1/6
(C) 1/5
(D) 3/23
(E) 4/23
我觉得式子要这么列:40*39*8/48*47*46。因为先取两个not represent share of stock,然后再从8个represent share of stock里取一个。为什么答案不是这个?
第二题:
For every positive even integer n, the function h(n) isdefined to be the product of all the even integers from 2 to n, inclusive. If p is the smallest prime factor of h(100) +1, then p is
(A) between 2 and 10
(B) between 10 and 20
(C) between 20 and 30
(D) between 30 and 40
(E) greater than 40
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【答案】E
【思路】
假設h(100)+1最小因數是 n , n<50
例如47好了, 既然47是因數, 他就能整除h(100)+1
可是發現h(100)裡面有47的因數,可以整除 那h(100)+1被47除的餘數為1,表示47不是h(100)+1的因數
同理去想 小於50的其它因式 也是會一樣的結果
所以h(100)+1的因式是在 大於50外
重點在那50!, 假如 小於50的質數是h(100)的factor,那就不會是h(100)+1的factor ,因為餘數會是1
直到阶乘部分看懂了,但是后面讨论的地方很困惑。
求解答!多谢
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