Oldersea 说: OG-220 与 855-A-10 同位语结构的比较220. For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788, England exiled some 160,000 criminals to Australia. (A) For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788, (B) Beginning in 1788 for a period of a hundred years, (C) Beginning a period of almost a hundred years, in 1788 (D) During a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788, (E) Over a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788, Aside from being wordy and awkward, choice A is illogical: because its refers grammatically to England, A states nonsensically that England had its beginning in 1788. Choice B is similarly illogical, because the initial verb phrase Beginning in 1788 ... modifies England, the subject of the main clause. Choice C is imprecise, saying that England in 1788 was Beginning a period... but not conveying the sense that anything happened within that period. Choice D is awkward and unidiomatic, and nonsensically suggests that a hundred years is defined as a period beginning in 1788. Precise and idiomatically phrased, choice E is best. 10. Most primates are immune to feline rhinovirus, but a specific group, this being the golden macaques, are highly susceptible to the organism. (A) a specific group, this being the golden macaques, are highly susceptible to (B) a specific group, the golden macaques, is highly susceptible to (C) one group, specifically golden macaques, is highly susceptible of (D) a specific group, the golden macaques, which are highly susceptible to(B) (E) a specific group, the golden macaques, which are highly susceptible of 我做OG220的时候, 对D的错误总结为,同位语要有解释力,范围应该比被同位词范围大, 做错了A-10以后,发现这个总结是有问题的. 但我不明白的是OG220说," A,B"这种结构是A is defined as B, 那为什么A-10里面就不是把a specific group定义为the golden macaques了?感觉如果是定义应该是把the golden macaques定义为a specific group才对啊? 当时就是因为这个考虑所有没有敢选BDE 我是魔鬼 说: 我觉得“A,B”同位语,A最好有所限定,specific就起了这样的作用; 没有限定的100年本可以放到历史的任何阶段,如从1900-2000这百年;但是如像第一题,a hundred years定义为1788-1888了,我们就无法用a hundred years来表达1900-2000了。 你说的A is defined as B(a hundred years is defined as a period beginning in 1788)正是第一题D选项错误的原因。而第二题的B选项就没有犯这样的问题。 Oldersea 说: 还是不明白哦,那为什么第二题的B就没有犯这样的错误的呢?因为有special限制? 但不一定只有一个group是special的啊。如果只是因为前面的名词有限定,那year前面还有hundred限定呢,但我们仍然不能把hundred years 定义为1788-1888,因为前者的所包含的内容比后者多很多。 与此相同,我觉得a special group也比the golden macaques包含的内容多很多(a golden macaques 是一个special group,a argent macaques也可能是一个special group),但题目却是把a special group定义为了the golden macaques,我感觉是和第一题的D犯了类似的错误。 现在不知道应该如何使用OG220的解释里面“nonsensically suggests that a hundred years is defined as a period beginning in 1788” 的规则了。 大家救我啊.... Apple1 说: 我做的时候一是在D和E之间徘徊,最后选的是E,理由是D选项a period beginning in 1788可能被理解为修饰England,虽然这种修饰是不合逻辑的,但至少这种表述是不够清晰的。从同位语的角度实在还是想不明白。请NN再加指正! 我本人的解释——仅为一家之言: OG220的“Choice D is awkward and unidiomatic, and nonsensically suggests that a hundred years is defined as a period beginning in 1788. ”实际上应该这样理解,D选项属于“有效性”错误,就是说语法没有问题,a period beginning in 1788做a hundred years的同位语进行补充说明也是没有问题的,可是这个选项至少存在下面几个方面的问题: 1、a hundred years没有明确的确定,如果是this/that one hundred years就不同,对于一个没有确定的时间100 years,同位语却用一个特别明确的限定范围(a period beginning in 1788),违背了同位语必须保持平衡的选择; 2、题目没有用同位语结构,而选项用了同位语结构,语意发生了一定的变化。因为同位语毕竟是一个补充说明成分; 3、相对于E而言,D采用了同位语结构,增加了句子的复杂程度; 4、而且这种同位语补充性的说明范了跟That girl, beutiful, is a college student.一样类似的错误,既然可以说a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788就不能用a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788;(3和4就是OG里面解释的awkward and unidiomatic和nonsensically suggests...)。 综上所述OG220的问题并没有超出大家对于语法的理解力。 而855-A-10在我看来非常好理解: 1、首先题目中本身就是插入成分,而选项并没有改变这种结构,只是进行了简洁化处理; 2、由于主谓搭配和句子结构完整性的关系,首先排除了ADE,剩下B和C,如果选C的话语意会发生变化,由于specifically的关系golden macaques只是one group的一部分!完全错误! 3、susceptible to是固定搭配用法,从这一点锁定也只能选B 所以,选择的方法不止一种,你可以用多种方法进行校验。正确答案往往是无论如何校验都被判定正确的选项。
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-10-12 17:15:18编辑过] |