GWD7-17

UMHIVTDC

Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

A.Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.

B.Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.

C.Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.

D.The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.

E.The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


这道应该选什么呢 我选的是E

willgoeu

我也选的是E

UMHIVTDC

可我感觉逻辑不是很清楚  这道削弱题的削弱是不是用另外的一个结论来解释论据这样来削弱的？
就是用the patients who du not benefit from the surgery are medically indistinguishable这个结论来说明导致of patients only 75 percent benefited from the surgery?

winnielxx

发现这道题目大家 没有注意理解only 75 percent benefited from the surgery的含义，仅仅有75%能够从中获益，直接表明 75%的人获益于手术——而剩下25%的人完全不能够获益与手术（还有风险和费用），即他们根本就不该做手术！

所以，但凡能够区分谁benefit from the surgery 谁 do not at all，就知道了谁一定不该做手术，不管有没有什么所谓的通知（否则，病人得知100%自己做了就死还会做么？）；反之，patients who cannot benefit 也做了手术的唯一可能就是，不知道自己能不能获益。

所以B选项直接out of scope (因为只是说受益者）
C选项直接反前提(因为根本不受益）
D选项——结合结论即：可以区分，但是医生建议他们做了，仅仅因为也告知他们他们必死，所以就有医德了，是大错特错的了！